Overview of the Nervous System Flashcards
Where does the interventricular foramen connect?
Lateral ventricle to 3rd ventricle
The pia mater is adherent to what?
The brain itself
This image shows the brain laterally. Which artery is responsible for providing blood supply to the area in:
A) Blue?
B) Red?
C) Green?
A) Anterior cerebral artery
B) Middle cerebral artery
C) Posterior cerebral artery
Neurone cell bodies (soma) are found in which type of brain matter?
Grey
Venous blood from the brain drains directly into where?
Dural venous sinuses
What is the difference between oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?
Oligodendrocytes myelinate the CNS while Schwann cells myelinate the PNS
Which cells of the nervous system are the ‘support cells’?
Glial cells
Which cells of the nervous system are the ‘communicators’?
Neurones
Which is more numerous in the CNS- neurones or glial cells?
Glial cells
What is a gyri?
Outer projection
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus’
Occipital lobe
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus to the preocciptialnotch’
Occipital lobe
Where on the brain is grey matter (generally) found?
Outer aspect
Which type of glial cell is being described: “Ciliated columnar/cuboidal epithelium that lines the ventricles”
Ependymal cells
The precentral gyrus contains which primary cortex?
Motor
This image shows the brain medially. Which artery is responsible for providing blood supply to the area in:
A) Blue?
B) Red?
C) Green?
A) Anterior cerebral artery
B) Middle cerebral artery
C) Posterior cerebral artery
Where on the brain is white matter (generally) found?
Inner aspect
The postcentral gyrus contains which primary cortex?
Sensory
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to the frontal lobe and anterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus’
Parietal lobe
Where in the spinal cord is white matter (generally) found?
Outer aspect
What is the role of myelin?
Increase conduction velocity
Axons and support cells are found in which type of brain matter?
White
What are the 3 layers of meninges from superficial to deep?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
The posterior cerebral arteries go on to form what brain structure?
Circle of Willis
The dorsal (posterior) horn of the spinal cord contains which type of nerve fibres?
Sensory
Where does CSF travel to once it has left the 4th ventricle?
Subarachnoid space
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘lobe anterior to a line drawn from the central sulcus down to the corpus callosum’
Frontal lobe
What is the ‘soma’?
The cell body of a neurone
What is found in the subarachnoid space?
CSF
Dural venous sinuses drain into where?
Internal jugular vein
Which type of glial cell is being described: “Immune cells with a similar role to macrophages- have a role in immune monitoring and antigen presentation”
Microglia
Where are the neurones found in the enteric nervous system?
In two nerve plexuses in the walls of the gut
Myenteric plexus - between outer layers of smooth muscle
Submucosal plexus - in the submucosa
What is the insula? What is its role?
The 5th brain lobe, which has a role in experiencing pain
Where does the cerebral aquaduct connect?
3rd and 4th ventricle
Which arterial system supplies blood to the posterior aspect of the brain?
Vertebro-basilar system
What is the role of a dendrite?
Receive impulses from other neurones and carry them towards the soma
Which type of glial cell is being described: “Produce myelin within the CNS”
Oligodendrocytes
What is the function of the internal capsule?
Important for communication between the spinal cord and the cortex
Which arteries are included in the internal carotid system?
Internal carotid arteries - Middle cerebral arteries - Anterior cerebral arteries
Which type of matter is the corpus callosum formed of?
What is its role?
White matter
Allows right and left sides of the brain to communicate
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to the central sulcus, superior to the lateral sulcus (and a backward extension of it), and anterior to a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus to the preocciptialnotch’
Parietal lobe
Describe a multipolar neurone?
Many dendrites and one axon
Which arterial system supplies blood to the anterior aspect of the brain?
Internal carotid system
The ventral (anterior) horn of the spinal cord contains which type of nerve fibres?
Motor
Where is the enteric nervous system found?
In the GI system from the oesophagus to the rectum
The anterior/posterior columns of the spinal cord are composed of which type of brain matter?
White
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘inferior to the lateral sulcus (and a line extending the lateral sulcus posteriorly) and posteriorly by a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus and the preoccipitalnotch’
Temporal lobe
What is the role of an axon?
Carries impulses away from the soma to other neurones
Which type of glial cell is being described: “These cells have many processes, and have roles in support, maintaining the BBB and environmental homeostasis”
Astrocytes
Which arteries are included in the vertebro-basilar system?
Vertebral arteries - Basilar artery - Posterior cerebral arteries
Where in the spinal cord is grey matter (generally) found?
Inner aspect
The arachnoid mater is adherent to which other meningeal layer?
Dura mater
The postcentral gyrus (and somatosensory cortex) is found in which brain lobe?
Parietal lobe
The anterior/posterior horns of the spinal cord are composed of which type of brain matter?
Grey
What is a sulci?
Inward projection
Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘large lobe anterior to the central sulcus and superior to the lateral sulcus’
Frontal lobe
The precentral gyrus (and somatomotor cortex) is found within which brain lobe?
Frontal
