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Neurology- Neuroanatomy > Overview of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Overview of the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the interventricular foramen connect?

A

Lateral ventricle to 3rd ventricle

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2
Q

The pia mater is adherent to what?

A

The brain itself

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3
Q

This image shows the brain laterally. Which artery is responsible for providing blood supply to the area in:

A) Blue?

B) Red?

C) Green?

A

A) Anterior cerebral artery

B) Middle cerebral artery

C) Posterior cerebral artery

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4
Q

Neurone cell bodies (soma) are found in which type of brain matter?

A

Grey

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5
Q

Venous blood from the brain drains directly into where?

A

Dural venous sinuses

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6
Q

What is the difference between oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?

A

Oligodendrocytes myelinate the CNS while Schwann cells myelinate the PNS

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7
Q

Which cells of the nervous system are the ‘support cells’?

A

Glial cells

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8
Q

Which cells of the nervous system are the ‘communicators’?

A

Neurones

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9
Q

Which is more numerous in the CNS- neurones or glial cells?

A

Glial cells

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10
Q

What is a gyri?

A

Outer projection

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11
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus’

A

Occipital lobe

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12
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus to the preocciptialnotch’

A

Occipital lobe

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13
Q

Where on the brain is grey matter (generally) found?

A

Outer aspect

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14
Q

Which type of glial cell is being described: “Ciliated columnar/cuboidal epithelium that lines the ventricles”

A

Ependymal cells

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15
Q

The precentral gyrus contains which primary cortex?

A

Motor

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16
Q

This image shows the brain medially. Which artery is responsible for providing blood supply to the area in:

A) Blue?

B) Red?

C) Green?

A

A) Anterior cerebral artery

B) Middle cerebral artery

C) Posterior cerebral artery

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17
Q

Where on the brain is white matter (generally) found?

A

Inner aspect

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18
Q

The postcentral gyrus contains which primary cortex?

A

Sensory

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19
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to the frontal lobe and anterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus’

A

Parietal lobe

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20
Q

Where in the spinal cord is white matter (generally) found?

A

Outer aspect

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21
Q

What is the role of myelin?

A

Increase conduction velocity

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22
Q

Axons and support cells are found in which type of brain matter?

A

White

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23
Q

What are the 3 layers of meninges from superficial to deep?

A

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

24
Q

The posterior cerebral arteries go on to form what brain structure?

A

Circle of Willis

25
Q

The dorsal (posterior) horn of the spinal cord contains which type of nerve fibres?

A

Sensory

26
Q

Where does CSF travel to once it has left the 4th ventricle?

A

Subarachnoid space

27
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘lobe anterior to a line drawn from the central sulcus down to the corpus callosum’

A

Frontal lobe

28
Q

What is the ‘soma’?

A

The cell body of a neurone

29
Q

What is found in the subarachnoid space?

A

CSF

30
Q

Dural venous sinuses drain into where?

A

Internal jugular vein

31
Q

Which type of glial cell is being described: “Immune cells with a similar role to macrophages- have a role in immune monitoring and antigen presentation”

A

Microglia

32
Q

Where are the neurones found in the enteric nervous system?

A

In two nerve plexuses in the walls of the gut

Myenteric plexus - between outer layers of smooth muscle

Submucosal plexus - in the submucosa

33
Q

What is the insula? What is its role?

A

The 5th brain lobe, which has a role in experiencing pain

34
Q

Where does the cerebral aquaduct connect?

A

3rd and 4th ventricle

35
Q

Which arterial system supplies blood to the posterior aspect of the brain?

A

Vertebro-basilar system

36
Q

What is the role of a dendrite?

A

Receive impulses from other neurones and carry them towards the soma

37
Q

Which type of glial cell is being described: “Produce myelin within the CNS”

A

Oligodendrocytes

38
Q

What is the function of the internal capsule?

A

Important for communication between the spinal cord and the cortex

39
Q

Which arteries are included in the internal carotid system?

A

Internal carotid arteries - Middle cerebral arteries - Anterior cerebral arteries

40
Q

Which type of matter is the corpus callosum formed of?

What is its role?

A

White matter

Allows right and left sides of the brain to communicate

41
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘posterior to the central sulcus, superior to the lateral sulcus (and a backward extension of it), and anterior to a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus to the preocciptialnotch’

A

Parietal lobe

42
Q

Describe a multipolar neurone?

A

Many dendrites and one axon

43
Q

Which arterial system supplies blood to the anterior aspect of the brain?

A

Internal carotid system

44
Q

The ventral (anterior) horn of the spinal cord contains which type of nerve fibres?

A

Motor

45
Q

Where is the enteric nervous system found?

A

In the GI system from the oesophagus to the rectum

46
Q

The anterior/posterior columns of the spinal cord are composed of which type of brain matter?

A

White

47
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘inferior to the lateral sulcus (and a line extending the lateral sulcus posteriorly) and posteriorly by a line from the parieto-occipital sulcus and the preoccipitalnotch’

A

Temporal lobe

48
Q

What is the role of an axon?

A

Carries impulses away from the soma to other neurones

49
Q

Which type of glial cell is being described: “These cells have many processes, and have roles in support, maintaining the BBB and environmental homeostasis”

A

Astrocytes

50
Q

Which arteries are included in the vertebro-basilar system?

A

Vertebral arteries - Basilar artery - Posterior cerebral arteries

51
Q

Where in the spinal cord is grey matter (generally) found?

A

Inner aspect

52
Q

The arachnoid mater is adherent to which other meningeal layer?

A

Dura mater

53
Q

The postcentral gyrus (and somatosensory cortex) is found in which brain lobe?

A

Parietal lobe

54
Q

The anterior/posterior horns of the spinal cord are composed of which type of brain matter?

A

Grey

55
Q

What is a sulci?

A

Inward projection

56
Q

Which brain lobe is this describing: ‘large lobe anterior to the central sulcus and superior to the lateral sulcus’

A

Frontal lobe

57
Q

The precentral gyrus (and somatomotor cortex) is found within which brain lobe?

A

Frontal

Neurology- Neuroanatomy (9 decks)

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