Overview of the Internet Flashcards
How did the internet start?
In 1969, the United States Department of Defense funded the creation of ARPANET, a precursor network to the internet.
What does ARPANET stand for?
ARPANET stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.
What was the function of ARPANET?
The function of ARPANET was to connect supercomputing centers run by government agencies and universities.
What does TCP/IP stand for?
The transmission control protocol and internet protocol
Why was the TCP/IP created?
The TCP/IP was created in the 1970’s to provide standards around the transfer of data that would allow early networks to communicate with each other. (adopted in early 1980s)
What is the difference between the internet and the world wide web?
The world wide web, or web for short, are the pages you see when you’re at a device and you’re online.
But the internet is the network of connected computers that the web works on. Think of the internet as the roads that connect towns and cities together. The world wide web contains the things you see on the roads like houses and shops.
What is the client-server model?
Client/server is a model of interaction in which a program sends a request to another program and awaits a response.
The client refers to the user’s device or program that is making a request for data. A client can be a browser or application running on a user’s laptop, smartphone, or tablet.
The server is the device or program in that network that waits for incoming requests and sends back data.
What is the job of the server?
The server is dedicated to holding the websites files. Servers contain logic for processing a request and identifying the files and data that the client has specified. It will respond to the browser’s request with the necessary files.
What is a server?
A server is a specialized computer connected to a network which provides, or “serves up”, resources or services.
How do browsers and servers communicate?
The browser and server communicate with each other using the internet protocol HTTP, or hypertext transfer protocol, which allow for data transfer.
What’s the role of the browser?
The browser initiates a request to the server and renders website files.
What is HTTP?
HTTP stands for hypertext transfer protocol and is a standardize set of rules for how browsers and servers transfer data to one another.
What are status codes?
When a server responds to a client, the server specifies a status code as a part of the response. Status codes indicate whether or not the HTTP request was successfully completed and if there was an error, they contain some information about the type of error that happened.
What does the 404 code mean?
The requested resource was not found
How do web browsers work?
Every time we load a webpage, our device sends a request for each file that makes up that page.
1.When a user types in a URL and presses enter, the server processes the request and sends the HTML file back to the client. The HTML file holds content and links to display the site properly.
2.The browser will begin to search for elements in the HTML file and it will start to make additional HTTP requests for any other external resources used by the HTML file. This often includes:
a.) One or more CSS stylesheets.The browser analyzes the CSS and starts applying the visual styles to the content of the site.
b.) Website assets, like images and videos, from the server to the browser.
c.) One or more JavaScript files.
