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Partial Dentures > Overview of Partials (ORACGUBT) > Flashcards

Overview of Partials (ORACGUBT) Flashcards

1
Q

Order of Making a partial

A
  1. occlusal analysis
  2. rotation analysis
  3. Abutment selection
  4. clasp selcetion
  5. guide plane survey
  6. undercut analysis
  7. bracing survey
  8. tripodization
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2
Q

breakdown of occlusal analysis (4)

A
  1. plane correction
  2. extrusion potential
  3. overbite problem
  4. spaces selected for PD

*this is the order you evaualte the occlusal plane

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3
Q

breakdown of rotation analysis

A
  1. spaces to be restored by the partial?
  2. size of those spaces?
  3. support of those spaces?
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4
Q

rotation causes?

A

torque

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5
Q

torque causes?

A

tooth loss

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6
Q

what is kennedy classification DETERMINED by?

A

Occlusal analysis

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7
Q

tipped teeth are more likely to..

A

torque

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8
Q

lone standing teeth are more likely to …

A

torque

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9
Q

indirect retention reduces what?

A

torque

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10
Q

3rd sequence in denture making for partials

A

abutment selection

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11
Q

breakdown of abutment selection ***

A
  1. as many GUIDE PLANES as possible
  2. as FAR APART as possible
  3. symmetry WHERE possible
  4. no INCISORS (
  5. no lone-standing premolars as primary abutments (ever– due to tipping and root length and shape)
  6. no lone standing canines or molars if possible (a tooth with a neighbor results in less tipping)
  7. Extrusion prevention (rest placement on unopposed teeth)
  8. indirect retention
  9. esthetics
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12
Q

4th sequence in abutment selection

A

clasp selection

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13
Q

breakdown of clasp selection

A
  1. type 1 vs type 2 clasps
  2. rotating vs non-rotating partials
  3. class 1 vs class II levers
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14
Q

examples of type 1 clasps

A

cast C clasp - non rotating

combo - rotating

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15
Q

examples of type II clasps

A

RPI clasp(smallest of type II and most perferred)

Bar (DB u/c ) rotating

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16
Q

what can you do for tissue undercuts and bulky teeth? implication on guide planes?

A

tail down tilt – may draw the tissue closer to analyzing rod and reduce the distance between the approach arm and the tissue

  • but the guide planes need to be modified as they become guide points!!!
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17
Q

5 incorrect uses for approach arms – if you do what does it cause?

A
  1. double arms
  2. skipping of teeth
  3. lingual or palatal
  4. reverse or distal
  5. molars
    - buccal shelf
    - zygomatic arch

will cause TORQUE

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18
Q

where do RPIS go

A

cuspids and premolars

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19
Q

levers cause…

A

torque

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20
Q

second clasp levers have the ability to

A

reduce torque because they push down

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21
Q

the rest ____ to the rotation = the lever

A

CLOSEST

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22
Q

first three design priorities

A
  1. protect TEETH if bone strong
  2. protect BONE if teeth strong
  3. if (abutment) teeth weak, treat as Distal Extension w/ RPI
  4. If bone weak, treat as Distal Extension w/ combo
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23
Q

to protect teeth during rotation what do first three things you use

A
  1. use the SMALLEST CLASP possible
  2. use the MOST FLEXIBLE metal possible
  3. use the BEST LEVER possible
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24
Q

5th sequence in building a partial

A

Guide plane survey

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25
Q

what steps are “our hypothesis” and which ones are our “testing hypothesis”

A

first 4 - our hypothesis

last 4 - testing our hypothesis

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26
Q

breakdown of guide plane survey

A
  1. proximal surfaces
  2. occlusal 1/3
  3. disl parallel to path
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27
Q

6th sequence in partial planning

A

Undercut Survey

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28
Q

breakdown of undercut survey (5)

A
  1. facial or lingual surfaces (+/- tissue)
  2. gingival 1/3rd
  3. dimple flat surface –> 0.01 (0.02–> 0.03)
  4. disk non-parallel to lower type I clasp
  5. disk parallel to lower type II clasp
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29
Q

how do you lower a type I clasp

A

disk non-parallel

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30
Q

how do you disk to lower a type II clasp

A

Parallel

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31
Q

7th step in making partial

A

Bracing Survey

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32
Q

breakdown of bracing survey (3)

A
  1. arm, blanket or 2 minor connectors
  2. gingival 1/3
  3. disk non-parallel to lower height of contour
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33
Q

options for major connectors (6)

A

4 upper
2 lower

lower
1.
2.

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34
Q

what are we using to diagnose plane correction?

A
  1. same arch
  2. opposing arch
  3. retromolar pad
  4. radiograph

*do you have enough space in these areas to put a partial denture

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35
Q

plane correction methods

A
  1. enamoplastty
  2. restoration
  3. endodontics
  4. Extractions
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36
Q

analysis of the occlusal plane requires what?

A

MOUNTED casts

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37
Q

when determining the occlusal plane what are we looking at?

A

Lip length

Fricatives

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38
Q

what do you do for teeth that have extrusion potential

A

if not good primary abutments must make them secondary abutments and lace rests on them to prevent extrusion, drifting, or rotation

also if class II mod 1 with distal molar and dont put a rest on it then it becomes a bilateral distal extension (class 1)

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39
Q

what do you create if you do not put a rest on lone molars in the back

A

a distal extension lever

40
Q

anterior overbite may result in what if dont compensate for it? what can you do as a solution?

A

Incisal guidance

**use a STEELE’S FACING

41
Q

rules of complete denture occlusion

A
  1. CR=CO
  2. no incisal guidance in protrusion
  3. no canine guidance in lateral
  4. no anterior contact in CO
42
Q

rules of partial denture occlusion

A

SAME AS COMPLETE

  • *UNLESS
  • BOTH upper and lower opposing teeth are NATURAL
43
Q

what do you do in anterior to make sure we follow denture rules? in the posterior?

A

ANTERIOR

  • increase horizontal overlap
  • decrease vertical overlap

POSTERIOR

  • increase cusp height
  • increase compensating curve
44
Q

if patient has complete upper or complete lower what rules?

A

COMPLETE rules

- both opposing arches that contact have to be natural teeth

45
Q

when will a class III or class IV be more likely to rotate

A

if the patient is also missing their canines –> good chance the anterior space will rotate too

*trickiest ones are the ones that have spaces missing MESIAL to the axis of rotation

46
Q

where do you place the rests in a mesial extension

A

on the DISTAL

47
Q

mesial rotation clasp?

A

combo most likely

48
Q

rule for abutments and incisors?

A

NO incisors because of phonetics and tipping due to tilt, root length, and shape

*only exception is cingulum rests if have to use lingual blanket on the bottom

49
Q

if clasping pre-molar on one side and opposite side is lone standing what do you do and why?

A

put a rest on it

*for symmetry purposes

50
Q

lone standing MOLAR rules for non -rotating partial with long span

A

OKAY as primary abutment and use a RING CLASP

51
Q

what do you do with lone standing molar with no proximal surface?

A

treat as a distal extension case

52
Q

lone standing MOLAR rules that have a potential to rotate w/ long span

A

treat as a rotating PD (distal extension)

- place rest on mesial

53
Q

lone standing molar that is short, mobile, or tipped?

A

treat as a partial that has a potential to rotate and put rest on it

54
Q

long span with tipped molar but non-rotating– what do you do with molar

A

can put a RING CLASP – increased bracing

55
Q

most esthetic clasp?

A

RPI

56
Q

what is in the undercut in type II clasp

A

only the retentive tip

57
Q

is the approach arm in type II clas retentive?

A

no – only the retentive tip

58
Q

if tissue bulge can we do an RPI/ have an approach arm

A

yes – as long as there is 3mm - the arm can contour the tissue

just cannot have undercut tissue

59
Q

approach arm used with tooth with tilt?

A

if extremely tilt we cannot use it – too far away from the tissue

60
Q

compensate for tissue undercuts or bulky teeth?

A

tail down tilt – may draw the tissue closer to the analyzing rod and reduce the distance between the approach arm and the tissue

61
Q

approach arm contraindication with maxillary and mandibular molars?

A

buccal shelf interference

Maxillary – zygomatic arch

62
Q

do we need to engage undercut when pt. bites?

A

NO.

only when patient LIFTS

63
Q

what is more important to achieve; clasp or lever of choice

A

ALWAYS GET LEVER OF CHOICE and then pick best viable clasp

64
Q

RPI vs RPA (wire) when bite down in terms of contact

A

RPI
- breaks contact but uses ridge as fulcrum

RPA -wire
- Remains in contact but wire absorbs stress)

65
Q

what is the fulcrum in RPI when biting down

A

RIDGE

66
Q

if ridge is poor in rotating partial, what is clasp of choice?

A

RPA combo because RPI uses the ridge as a fulcrum when biting

67
Q

design priorities #1-4

A
  1. protect teeth if bone is strong
  2. protect bone is teeth strong
  3. if abutment teeth weak, treat as DE w/ RPI
  4. If bone weak (ridge) treat as DE w/ COMBO
68
Q

if abutment teeth are weak? what do you do with design?

A

Treat as a distal extension with an RPI clasp (combo on molar)

69
Q

three things to do to protect teeth during rotation

A
  1. use the smallest clasp(least metal) possible
  2. use the most flexible metal possible
  3. use the best lever possible
70
Q

if approach arm contra-indicated in rotating partial what do you use?

A

combo -RPA

71
Q

clasp of choice in a non-rotating partial?

A

C-clasp

then second choice is any

72
Q

guide plane is located? width and lenght?

A

anywhere from line angle to line angle and 2mm wide and 2-3 mm long (@ a minimum)

73
Q

how to make a guide point to a guide plane

A

disk enamel parallel to the path of insertion

74
Q

ideal undercut location

A

2mm above the free gingival margin

75
Q

why should we be so concerned with the lingual tissue survey?

A

excessive lingual tilt of a tooth may interfere with the major connector

76
Q

what type of tooth can we not dimple

A

those that converge from FGM to the occlusal surface (have to do flat surface) or an undercut to make more of an undercut

77
Q

if the analyzing rod hits the HOC at the FGM why is this a problem? solution?

A

you cannot place a dimple/undercut here and have to look at the lingual for a possible undercut (but only for type I clasps)

  • type II clasps dont have retention on the lingual
78
Q

clasps cause..

A

torque

79
Q

what can lowering of clasps reduce?

A

torque

80
Q

what will placing clasps as gingivally as possible do?

A

reduce rotational or tipping forces

81
Q

origin of the clasp arm

A

from the mid-gingival 1/3 of the minor connector

82
Q

result of disking non-parallel to path in type 1 clasp

A

lowers height of contour

83
Q

result of disking parallel to path in type II clasp

A

raises height of contous and brings approach arm closer

84
Q

bracing in rotating partial?

A

2 minor connectors

or lingual arm for molars

85
Q

use of a bracing arm?

A

buccal or lingual depending on retainer

86
Q

use of a blanket?

A

bracing on lingual ONLY ON CUSPIDS

87
Q

use of minor connectors?

A

for bracing lingual ONLY for type 2 clasps on cuspids or pre-molars in rotating partials

88
Q

lowering the bracer reduces what?

A

torque

89
Q

if bracing arm is type I what do you do to lower height of contour / survey line

A

disk non-parallel to path

90
Q

Three facts about tripodization

A
  1. on 3-sides of cast
  2. records A/P and lateral tilts
    - so it records the path – which determines guide planes, ht. of contour and survey lines
  3. mist be included in CROWNED abutments
91
Q

superman’s cap refers to?

A

refers to the identification of an axis of rotation of a partial denture and the need to protect any abutment associated with this rotating partial

92
Q

need a low what wherever you are bracing

A

LOW height of contour on lingual or buccal

93
Q

which teeth likely need to be disked to lower height of contour? why? how?

A

the linguals of posterior mandibular teeth and you disk them NON-PARALLEL so we can move bracing ARM to the gingival 1/3 so that you directly oppose the retention on the other side

94
Q

ideal dimensions of clasps

A
  1. as FEW as possible
  2. as LOW as possible
  3. as SMALL as possible
95
Q

what do you do to help stabalize if have to use a horshoe

A

add more guideplanes to distribute the horizontal forces better because this partial design rotates horizontally

96
Q

indications to use a horshoe

A

inoperable tori at the location of the junction of the soft and hard palate

Partial Dentures (9 decks)

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