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5006 Oral Surgery > Overview of Oral Medicine > Flashcards

Overview of Oral Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Linea Albea

A

Elevation of buccal mucosa
Level of occlusal plane
Bilateral
White
Bruxism

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2
Q

Morsicatio

A

Buccal/labial mucosa
Lateral/labial tongue
Roughened/ragged/thickened surface plaque; may also see ulceration and erosion intermixed

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3
Q

Leukoedema

A

White-gray translucent appearance of the buccal mucosa
Superficial intra-epithelial oedema and retention of superficial keratin
Bilateral, soft to palpate
Disappears when mucosa stretched

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4
Q

Fordyce spots

A

Developmental anomaly
Sebaceous glands
Buccal/labial mucosa and vermillion borders of the lips
Numbers increase with advancing age
They do not require treatment unless for cosmetic concerns

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5
Q

Fissured tongue

A

5% of the population and increases with advancing age
M:F
Sometimes seen in combination with erythema migrans
Asymptomatic

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6
Q

Varix

A

Red/blue/purple elevations of oral mucosa
<5mm
Buccal mucosa/lip/lateral and ventral tongue and floor of mouth
Asymptomatic and blanch on diascopy

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7
Q

Circumvallate papillae

A

8-12 mushroom shaped swellings
Junction of the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the dorsal aspect of the tongue
Supplied with taste buds responsive to bitter flavours

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8
Q

Foliate papillae

A

Folds, grooves on the posterior lateral aspect of the tongue
Lingual tonsils found immediately below

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9
Q

Torus Palatinus

A

Developmental malformation
Firm swelling midline of palate
20% of population
Can occur at any stage
Variable shape and size
Bony tissue covered by normal mucosa
Ulceration if traumatised

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10
Q

Torus Mandibularis

A

Firm bony swelling
Normal overlying epithelium
Torus mandibularis - 6%
Ulceration

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11
Q

Fibrous developmental malformation

A

Rare developmental swelling
Fibrous overgrowth
Maxillary tuberosity
Asymptomatic
Normal tissue appearance

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12
Q

Erythema Migrans

A

2% population
Irregular depapillated erythematous areas
Fissured tongue
Appears and regresses
Usually asymptomatic

Symptomatic:
Zinc mouthwash
Corticosteroid mouth rinses

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13
Q

Traumatic ulceration

A

Not site specific
Variable size and margins
Fibrinous base
Induration

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14
Q

Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

A

Recurrent episodes of ulceration in otherwise healthy individual
Common (80% population)
Aetiology - stress/trauma
Three sub-types: minor/major/herpetiform

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15
Q

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis minor

A

Most common
Crops of ulcers
<1cm in diameter
Oval in shape
Non-keratinised mucosa
Heal within 14 days

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16
Q

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis major

A

Uncommon (10%)
1-5 ulcers
Affect keratinised and non-keratinised mucosa
Large
Persist for weeks
Heal with scarring

17
Q

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis - Herpetiform

A

Uncommon
Recurrent crops of multiple small ulcers
Often coalesce to form irregular areas of ulceration
Can affect any mucosal site
Heal within 14 days
No scarring

18
Q

Management of RAS

A

SLS free tp
Mucosal protectants
Topical analgesics
Topical antimicrobials - corsydl mouthrinse
Topical steroid preparations - reducing healing time

19
Q

Symptomatic management RAS

A

Orobase (reduces pain)
0.15% Benzydamine hydrochloride mouthrinse (reduces pain)
Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash 0.2% (aids healing)
Doxycycline 100mg soluble tablets as mouth rinse (anti-inflammatory)
Hydrocortisone oromucosal tablets 2.5mg (aids healing)

20
Q

When to refer RAS?

A

Single ulcers persisting for 3+ weeks
Speckling
Induration
Uncertain aetiology
Significant impact on quality of life
Recalcitrant ulceration

21
Q

Lichen Planus

A

Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease
Affects SSE
Posterior buccal mucosa/tongue/gingivae/labial mucosa and vermilion of lower lip
Lesions on the palate, floor of the mouth and the upper lip
1-2% of population
2F:M
Risk of malignant transformation 1-3%

22
Q

Reticular lichen planus

A

Network of connecting and overlapping lines, papules or plaques
Rarely symptomatic
10% gingival involvement

23
Q

Erosive lichen planus

A

Ulceration within areas of hyperkeratosis, atrophy
Variable degrees of soreness

24
Q

Atrophic lichen planus

A

Erythematous lesions
Desquamative gingivitis
Most common type of gingival LP
Variable degrees of soreness

25
Q

lichen planus E/O lesions

A

Skin - 15% pts
Nails
Scalp

26
Q

Oral candidosis

A

50% of pts wearing removable dentures
65% of pts in acute and long term care facilities

27
Q

Pseudomembranous candidosis

A

Creamy plaques
Large areas of oral mucosa
Wiped off
Erythematous base

28
Q

Acute erythematous candidosis

A

Antibiotic use
Red areas
Common sites
Painful

29
Q

Chronic erythematous candidosis

A

Denture stomatitis
Chronic erythema of denture bearing area
Hyperplasia

30
Q

Median rhomboid glossitis

A

Rhomboid area
Midline dorsum of tongue
Asymptomatic
Atrophic filliform papillae
Predisposing factors - smoking and undiagnosed diabetes

31
Q

Angular cheilitis

A

Erythematous fissuring at commissures
2%
Mixed infection

32
Q

Management of oral candidosis

A

Biguanide antiseptics
Polyenes (nystatin suspension)
Azoles e.g., miconazole (Daktarin)

33
Q

Leukoplakia

A

A white patch of questionable risk
Cannot be characterised clinically or histopathologically as any other disease
Middle ages and elderly
Smokers

34
Q

Clinical presentation of leukoplakia

A

Asymptomatic - homogenous/thin/flat
Symptomatic- non homogenous/ speckled/ nodular/ verrucous

35
Q

Management of leukoplakia

A

Removal of aetiological factors
Preventative measures
Surveillance

36
Q

Oral cancer

A

Malignant neoplasm of upper aerodigestive tract
SCC
Metastasise

37
Q

Epidemiology of oral cancer

A

2% cancers
>55 yrs
NI - 329 cases per year
2M:F
Stage 1 - 91% at one year follow up, 60% at 5 year follow up
Stage 4 - 57% at one year follow up, 24% at 5 year follow up

38
Q

How does oral cancer arise?

A

Mutation
Oncogenes
Tumour suppressor genes

39
Q

What are risk factors for oral cancer?

A

Smoking/Alcohol/UV light/ Other e.g., potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions (PPOEL)

5006 Oral Surgery (12 decks)

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