Overview of metabolism & role of ATP and coenzymes in metabolism

Question 1

Anabolism

Answer 1

A process that consumes energy to synthesise a larger compound from multiple smaller compounds
(uses ATP )

Question 2

Catabolism

Answer 2

A process that releases energy by breaking down large compounds into smaller compounds
(produces ATP)

Question 3

Digestion

Answer 3

a) A process that breaks down complex ingested macromolecules into simple units so that they can be absorbed by the small intestine

Question 4

NADH

Answer 4

a) Source of electrons and a proton (H+) used to synthesise ATP in the electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

ATP

Answer 5

a) A high energy compound that can be used as an energy source to drive chemical reactions

Question 6

Coenzyme A ( CoA)

Answer 6

Central metabolite of metabolism created from carbohydrate, lipid and protein

Question 7

NAD is made up of

Answer 7

nicotinamide, ribose and ADP

Question 8

FAD is made up of

Answer 8

flavin, ribitol and ADP.

Question 9

What are the components that make up a single unit of ATP

Answer 9

Andenine, ribose, 3 phosphate bonded together

Question 10

In a catabolic reaction such as glycolysis is ATP used or produced

Answer 10

it is produced

Question 11

In an anabolic reaction is ATP used of produced

Answer 11

it is used to form larger molecules from smaller ones

Connecting multiple compounds together to make a larger compound will usually require ATP.

Question 12

How much energy is released from ATP when one of its phosphoanhydride bonds (that connect the phosphates together) is broken and it becomes ADP?
What can this energy be used for?

Answer 12

A phosphate is released along with 7.3cal/mole of energy.

ATP > ADP

This energy is used to power cellular processes to keep cells alive

Question 13

Metabolism is the

Answer 13

sum total of all the biochemical reactions that take place in a living organism

Question 14

The folds of the inner mitochondria membrane are called

Answer 14

Cristae

Question 15

major site where ATP is generated in the cell?

Answer 15

Mitochondria

Question 16

In a mitochondrion, the inner membrane separates the matrix from?

Answer 16

the intermembrane space

Question 17

FAD is a coenzyme that can exist in 2 forms. What are they?

Answer 17

FAD - oxidsied form ( lacks hydrogen)

FADH2 - reduced form (contains hydrogen 0

Question 18

Is energy required or released in a chemical reaction where ATP is converted to ADP?

Answer 18

Energy is released when ATP is converted into ADP, as ATP loses one of its high energy phosphoanhydride bonds

Question 19

Is energy required or released in a chemical reaction where ADP is converted to ATP?

Answer 19

Energy is required when ADP is converted into ATP, as ATP gains a high energy phosphoanhydride bond