Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS2 LA Symposium > Overview of LA techniques > Flashcards

Overview of LA techniques Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of pain?

A
  • An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 types of LA and which type is used more?

A
  • Esters and amides

- Amides are used more now

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 2 functions of having a vasoconstrictor in LA?

A
  • Cause BV’s to constrict which is advantageous for us because we can keep LA in area for longer period of time
  • Another function is to control bleeding to help with haemostasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 possible vasoconstrictors in LA?

A
  • Adrenaline

- Felypressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which vasoconstrictor must you not use on pregnant patients?

A

Felyperessin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What has happened if a patient says they do not like LA with adrenaline because it ‘makes them feel funny’?

A

The LA has been injected into a BV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 preservatives that can be used in LA?

A
  • Bisulphite

- Propylparaben

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which preservative in LA tends to cause a problem with allergens?

A
  • Propylparaben
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 types of LA injection?

A
  • Infiltration

- Nerve block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an infiltration LA injection?

A
  • LA solution deposited around terminal branches of nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When are infiltration LA injections used?

A
  • Used to anaesthetise soft tissues

- Used to produce pulpal anaesthesia where alveolar bone is thin (maxilla, lower anterior teeth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a nerve block LA injection?

A
  • Anaesthetic deposited beside the nerve trunk

- Abolishes sensation distal to the site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where do nerve blocks abolish the sensation from?

A
  • Distal to the site injected
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are nerve block LA injections used?

A
  • To produce soft tissue anaesthesia

- Used where bone is too thick to allow infiltration (mandible)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the maxilla for dental pulp?

A

Buccal infiltration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the maxilla for the buccal gingivae?

A

Buccal infiltration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the maxilla for the palatal gingivae?

A
  • Palatal injection (infiltration)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the mandible for dental pulp of the lower molars (and second premolars)?

A
  • Inferior alveolar nerve block
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does IDB stand for?

A
  • Inferior dental block
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the mandible for dental pulp of the lower premolars and canine?

A
  • Mental (incisive) nerve block
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the mandible for dental pulp of the lower canine and incisors?

A
  • Buccal/labial infiltration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which type of LA injection would you give in the mandible the lingual gingivae?

A
  • Secondary part of inferior alveolar end block is given
  • Lingual infiltration

(when giving IBD - initially aiming for the inferior alveolar nerve however if you withdraw 2-3mm can also get the lingual nerve which supplies the tongue on that side)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What tissues would you anaesthetise if you were restoring a tooth?

A
  • Dental pulp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What tissues would you anaesthetise if you are doing an extraction?

A
  • Pulp and gingivae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What tissues would you anaesthetise if you were doing a scaling?

A
  • Either the gingivae or the pulp AND gingivae
26
Q

What equipment do you need for LA?

A
  • Syringe handle and bung
  • Syringe barrel
  • Cartridge
27
Q

What are the 2 lengths of needle used for LA and which injection are they used for?

A
  • Short 25mm for infiltration

- Long 35mm for infe rior alveolar nerve block

28
Q

What do you need to check about the cartridge and put in the notes before you use it?

A
  • The expiry date and batch number
29
Q

Which LA would you use for people with liver disease?

A

Articaine because it is not processed in the liver

30
Q

How would you put the handle together?

A
  • All elements separate
  • Slide chunkier part onto the longer part
  • Chunkier part is where you are going to place your finger (rest area)
  • Loop (where you are going to put your thumb)
  • Bung is going to keep chunkier part on and stop it from sliding down
  • Bung is placed with the thicker end towards the handle (if put on other way the cartridge will get stuck in the barrel)
31
Q

How would you insert the cartridge into the needle barrel?

A
  • Insert in with the gold end into needle barrel itself

- Pres that down until you hear the little bit of plastic puncture

32
Q

What does 1 click of the safety plus system mean?

A
  • This means the needle can still be used
33
Q

What does a double click of the safety plus system mean?

A
  • Once you do this it will be locked and you will not be able to access the needle again
34
Q

How should you prep the patient for LA injections? (4 points)

A
  • Check their medical history
  • Position in chair
  • Dry mucosa
  • Apply topical for 1-2 minutes (pea size on cotton wool)
35
Q

What are the steps for a good injection technique? (5 points)

A
  • Stretch mucosa
  • Puncture mucosa quickly (use distraction)
  • Position needle tip at target point
  • Aspirate (to ensure you are not in a BV)
  • Inject slowly (no less than 30 seconds)
36
Q

What orientation should the needle be when injected?

A
  • Bevel towards you during needle placement
37
Q

What is the role of the bevel of the needle?

A
  • The role of the bevel is to provide a cutting surface that offers little resistance to mucosa as the needle penetrates and withdraws from the tissue
38
Q

What should the needle position be like for an infiltration injection?

A
  • Bevel away from bone
  • If the bevel is towards the bone, the edge of the needle is likely to penetrate the periosteum
  • Periosteal injections are more likely to evoke a painful response
39
Q

What should the needle position be like for an inferior alveolar nerve block injection?

A
  • Makes no statistical difference or clinical difference
40
Q

If you aspirate and see blood in the cartridge what should you do?

A
  • This shows you are in a BV
  • If this happens you stop and take out the needle
  • Then you replace the cartridge
41
Q

At what speed should you administer LA?

A
  • Very slowly

- ‘drip it in’

42
Q

What are 3 common myths about giving LA?

A
  • Needle length influences discomfort
  • Needle diameter influences discomfort
  • temperature influences discomfort (patients cannot detect if between 15 and 37 degrees)
43
Q

What are the limitations of infiltration anaesthesia? (2 points)

A
  • Infection (may not be able to achieve full pulpal anaesthesia)
  • Dense bone (may not be able to get anaesthesia if the bone is dense)
44
Q

What are the positives of infiltration anaesthesia? (3 points)

A
  • High success rate
  • Technically easy
  • Atraumatic to the tissues
45
Q

What is the process of doing a buccal infiltration? (5 points)

A
  • Stretch cheek
  • Puncture mucosa with correct bevel of needle
  • Advance needle until over the apex of the tooth
  • If contact bone, withdraw slightly
  • Aspirate (if negative inject slowly, if positive, reposition and repeat)
46
Q

Once you have done the injection for buccal infiltration what should you do? (6 points)

A
  • Remove syringe from mouth
  • Slide sheath down to first click
  • Can replace cartridge if need further injections
  • Massage LA into tissues
  • Wait for 2 mins for anaesthesia
  • Test before you start the treatment
47
Q

What is a posterior superior alveolar nerve block in the maxilla good for?

A
  • Achieving pulpal anaesthesia for the first, second and third molars
  • Mesio-buccal on first maxillary molar NOT reliably anaesthetised
48
Q

Where would you insert the needle for a posterior superior alveolar nerve block in the maxilla?

A
  • MB fold over maxillary 2nd molar
49
Q

What is a middle superior alveolar nerve block in the maxilla good for?

A
  • MB of 1st maxillary molar, premolars and maxillary canine
50
Q

Where would you insert the needle for a middle superior alveolar nerve block in the maxilla?

A
  • Mesio-buccal fold over the 2nd premolar
51
Q

What is an anterior superior alveolar nerve block in the maxilla good for?

A
  • Successful anaesthesia of maxillary incisors and canine on the side of delivery
52
Q

Where would you insert the needle for an anterior superior alveolar nerve block in the maxilla?

A
  • Mesio-buccal fold over 1st premolar target is the infraorbi tal foramen
53
Q

Which sharps bin should the needle be put into?

A
  • The orange sharps bin
54
Q

Which sharps bin should an empty cartridge be put in?

A
  • The orange sharps bin
55
Q

Which sharps bin should a cartridge with remaining LA be put into?

A
  • The blue sharps bin
56
Q

Which bin should the rubber bung be put into?

A
  • Clinical waste bin
57
Q

Where should you insert the needle for a mental block (in the mandible)?

A
  • Between apices of lower premolars
58
Q

Where would you want to insert the needle for a buccal in jection?

A
  • Administer slightly distal to the tooth to be treated
59
Q

What are important landmarks when giving an inferior alveolar nerve block? (5 points)

A
  • Coronoid notch of the mandibular ramus
  • Posterior border of the mandible
  • Pterygomandibular raphe
  • Lower premolar teeth of the opposite side
  • The site of anaesthetic deposition is in the region of the mandibular foramen
60
Q

How would you give an inferior alveolar nerve block? ( 9 points)

A
  • Thumb places at anterior notch
  • Needle entry junction of buccal pad of fat/ pterygomandibular raphe
  • Syringe lies over contra lateral 5-6
  • Advanced to bony contact (1cm of needle visible)
  • If no bony contact reposition syringe distally
  • If bony contact comes too soon, reposition syringe barrel mesially
  • When in correct position withdraw from bony contact
  • Aspirate
  • Inject slowly (for lingual anaesthesia withdraw while injection last 1/3 of solution)
61
Q

How can you confirm that you have achieved anaesthesia? (4 points)

A
  • Ask the patient how it feels (rubbery, numb, tingly, swollen/fat)
  • IANB (tongue and lower lip extending to the mid-line on that side should feel different, ability to sense pressure remains)
  • If carrying out an extraction or oral surgical procedure consider testing mucosa with a probe to ensure anaesthesia

BDS2 LA Symposium (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions