Overview of Dentitions Flashcards
Primary dentition
20 teeth total
No premolars
No 3rd molars/wisdom teeth
Permanent dentition
32 teeth total
Mixed dentition
- When both primary and permanent teeth are present in the same dentition
- Ages 6-12
- More than 20 teeth
UR
Maxillary right
Upper right
UL
Maxillary left
Upper left
LR
Mandibular right
Lower right
LL
Mandibular left
Lower left
How many teeth does a primary quadrant have?
5
How many teeth does a permanent quadrant have?
8
Anterior teeth
Canine to canine
Posterior teeth
Premolar to third molar
How many teeth are in a sextant?
6
DAQT
Dentition
Arch
Quadrant
Tooth
Enamel
White outermost layer of the crown
Dentitn
Yellow, biggest layer
Cementum
Outermost layer of the root, not visible
Pulp
Soft tissue in tooth
Radiolucent
Bifurcation
A division of the root trunk into two branches
Trifurcation
A division of root trunk into three branches
Furcation
Point of division of a multirooted tooth
Common traits of all roots
- Widest at the CEJ and tapered towards the apex
- More bulk on the facial surface than on the lingual
- Many surfaces of the roots have indentation or root concavities
Root axis line/RAL
Imaginary line through the center of the tooth root
Cervical line or CEJ
Separates the anatomic crown from the anatomic root
Anatomic crown
“Whole” crown of the tooth that is covered by enamel, regardless the tooth is erupted
Clinical crown
Is only that part seen in the gingiva, term only applies when tooth is in the mouth and at least partially erupted
Anatomic root
Part of tooth covered with cementum
Clinical root
Part of the tooth which is not visible in the mouth yet
Mesial
Closest to the midline
Distal
The surface farthest from the midline
Facial
The surfaces closest to the face or outer surfaces of the teeth
Anterior facial is called…
Labial surface
Posterior facial is called…
Buccal
Lingual
Surfaces closest to the tongue, all inner surfaces
Lingual of the maxillary is called…
Palatal surface
Masticatory
The chewing surface on the most superior surface of the crown
Posterior masticatory is called…
Occlusal
Anterior masticatory is called…
Incisal surfaces
What do the masticatory surfaced have?
- Linear elevations, or ridges
- Named according to location
The canines have…
- Cusps
- One major elevation
Interproximal space
Area between adjacent tooth surfaces
Contact area
- Area where the crowns of adjacent teeth in the same arch physically touch on each proximal surface
How many contacts does each tooth have?
2
Were are the contacts located?
At the height of contour
What four teeth are the exception to the contact rule?
8, 9, 24, and 25
Purpose of contact areas?
- Prevents impaction
- Stabilizes arch
- Prevents buildup
- Protection
Interproximal bone
Part of bone in-between teeth
Contact area general rules
- More cervically located anterior to posterior
- Mesial more incisally or occlusally located except mandibular incisors
- Larger in posterior than anterior
Contact point
Relationship between max and mand arch
Height of contour
Widest point
Height of contour is usually higher on the mesial or distal?
Mesial
Proximal height of contour on anterior teeth is located…
Closer to the incisal surfaces
Proximal height of contour on posterior teeth is located…
Near the middle third
Height of contour on buccal
Anterior and posterior teeth is cervical third
Height of contour on lingual
- Anterior teeth is cervical third
- Posterior teeth is middle third
Function of height of contour
Natural tooth convexities divert food away from the tissue
Insufficient contour
Inadequate protection, too much stimulation
Excessive contour
Inadequate stimulation
Embrasures
- When two teeth in the same arch come into contact, their curvature next to contact areas form this
- V shape
In the posterior, are the embrasures bigger or smaller on the lingual? Why?
- Lingual embrasures are larger than facial
- Contact area is more buccal
Do facial embrasures increase or decrease in size when you move from anterior to posterior? Why?
- Increase, bigger in posterior
- Because the contact points are located more cervically
Functions of embrasures
- Serve as spillway
- Integral part of self cleansing
- Reduces force of mastication
- Allows stimulation of the gingiva
What are the closed spaces in the interproximal spaces
Interdental papilla
Interproximal space functions
- Vascular support, nourishment
- Prevents impaction
- Anchorage and support
What stimulates the peridontum?
Shape, height of contour, contact areas, contact point, interproximal spaces, embrasures
Gum vs periodontum
- Gum is what we see
- Periodontium is the whole thing, including shape, embrasure, etc.
Proximal divisions
3 vertical thirds
- Facial
- Middle
- Lingual
Root division
Horizontal thirds
- Apex
- Middle
- Cervical
Line angle
Describes the junction where two surfaces meets
Point angle
Another way to determine a specific area of the crown
Succedaneous teeth
Teeth that replace primary dentition
What teeth are succedaneous?
- IIncisors: Central/lateral
- Canine
- Premolars (1st and 2nd)
Nonsuccedaneous teeth
All molars
Are molars succedaneous?
No
Are all succedaneous teeth permanent teeth?
Yes
Are all permanent teeth succedaneous teeth?
No
Are primary teeth succedaneous?
No
Premolars are also called…
Bicuspids
Role of incisors?
Cut food
Role of canines?
Tear food
Role of molars?
Chew, crush, and grind food
3 system of identifying teeth
- Universal
- Palmer
- International Standard Organization
What system uses one digit and one symbol?
Palmar
What system is two digit system?
ISO
