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SQL and databases > Overview of database systems > Flashcards

Overview of database systems Flashcards

1
Q

What does DBMS ?

A

Software or technology used to manage data from database.

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2
Q

What does Hierarchical database do ?

A

Follows the progression of data being categorised in ranks or levels, where in data is categorized by a common point of linkage.

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3
Q

What do DBMS do ?

A

Store, organise and access data

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4
Q

How the ranking in a Hierarchical database work ?

A

Two entities of data will be lower in rank, and the commonality would assume a higher rank.

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5
Q

What is the disadvantage of Hierarchical database ?

A

Not easily salable

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6
Q

Why is Hierarchical database not easily salable ?

A

because the addition of data elements requires lengthy traversal through the database.

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7
Q

What kind of records are allowed in Network Database?

A

Multiple parent and child records

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8
Q

Which database allow for more natural relationship between records and entities ?

A

Network Database

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9
Q

What form for relationships represents Network database ?

A

net-like form where a single element can point to multiple data elements and can itself be pointed to by multiple data elements.

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10
Q

What are the capabilities of Information in Object-Oriented database?

A

database is capable of being represented as an object which response as an instance of the database model.

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11
Q

What is Berkeley DB Software library ?

A

embedded database software library for key/value data

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12
Q

How is information in the Relational database connected ?

A

Every piece of information has a relationship with every other piece of information

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13
Q

In what database every value has a unique identity in a form of a record?

A

Relational database

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14
Q

What is Primary key

A

a unique identifier assigned to each record within a database table

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15
Q

How are rows in relational database linked?

A

every row of data in the database is linked with another row using a primary key

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16
Q

How are tables connected in relational database?

A

Every table is linked with another table using a foreign key

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17
Q

What is foreign key ?

A

column that refers to the primary key/unique key of another table).

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18
Q

Where and why are relational databases widely integrated ?

A

web app interfaces to serve as ideal repositories for user data

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19
Q

What the elements in relational database represents ?

A

Rows represent the records and columns represent attributes for each record.

20
Q

How is data in relational database inserted, manipulated and retrieved ?

A

By using SQL

21
Q

What are them most common DBMS for relational databases

A

MySQL, SQLite, Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server

22
Q

Where Cloud Databases are used ?

A

where data requires a virtual environment for storing and executing over the cloud platforms. (SaaS,PaaS,etc.)

23
Q

What are the most common DBMS for Cloud databases?

A

Amazon Web Services(AWS), Google Cloud Platform(GCP), Microsoft Azure, Science Soft

24
Q

What databases are stored, located and maintained at a single location?

A

Centralized databases

25
Q

Advantages of Centralized databases

A

Data security, reduced redundancy, consistency, more secure for fetching data

26
Q

Disadvantages of centralized databases

A

Size is too large-increasing response and retrieval time, Not easy to manipulate

27
Q

Who are personal databases designed for ?

A

A single user

28
Q

Where do personal databases collect and store data ?

A

On its own system

29
Q

Advantages of Personal databases

A

Easy to handle, Less space needed

30
Q

Which database is used for creating, updating and deleting the database in a real-time.

A

Operational database

31
Q

What are operational databases designed for ?

A

executing and handling the daily data operation in organizations and for business purposes.

32
Q

Advantages pf operational databases

A
  • Easy to fetch
  • Structured data
  • Real-time processing
33
Q

What does No SQL database do ?

A

provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data

34
Q

How is data modeled in no SQL database

A

in means other than the tabular relations used in a relational database.

35
Q

Which database makes some operations faster by different structures than in relational database?

A

No SQL databases

36
Q

On what depends the suitability of no SQL database ?

A

The kind of problem to be solved

37
Q

What are the attributes of no SQL databases?

A

Simplicity of design, simpler horizontal scaling to clusters or machines (addition of extra nodes or machines to infrastructure in response to a change in demand).

38
Q

What is a machine ?

A

a device whose basic function is managing access to a database. Provides faster application processing through the offloading of the database access to this dedicated device.

39
Q

Advantages of no SQL databases

A

Scalability and high availability

40
Q

Disadvantages of no SQL databases

A
  • Open-source database
  • GUI is not available
  • Backup is a weak point
  • Large document size
41
Q

How do Flat file databases store their records?

A

Usually contains a single row or record per line

42
Q

Disadvantages of Flat file databases

A

Text-based, lacks indexes and explicit information about relationships between data

43
Q

Examples of flat file databases

A

/etc/passwd file on UNIX, describing one user account per line
Comma-separated value (CSV) files, which are common data exchange format, with commas used as delimiters (character separating columnar data).
Some no SQL databases utilize flat files to store data in JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) format.

44
Q

What is JSON

A

Standard text-based format for representing structured data based on JavaScript Object syntax.
Commonly used for transmitting data in web applications.
Can be used independently from JavaScript.

45
Q
A

SQL and databases (5 decks)

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