overview of childhood psychology

Question 1

Conduct disorder- tx

Answer 1

any pschotropic med
CB,  fam therapy, parent management training
Socia supports
Legal sanctions
Overall tx is not effective

Question 2

Elimination disorders- def

Answer 2

included in list of child psychiatric disorders

but really intersenction between child and adolescents and child general practice

Question 3

Enuresis

Answer 3

voiding- voluntary or involuntary

dec as get older (in kids)

Question 4

Encopresis

Answer 4

void stool- voluntary or involuntary

(M>F) in school aged kids

Question 5

Elimination disorders- enuresis

Answer 5

runs in family- 7x greater if father had it beyond age of 4
self limiting disorder- rare it lasts to late adolescents
organic vs non organic- would need medical eval for this.

Question 6

Enuresis- oragnic causes

Answer 6

structural
Diabetes
UTI

Question 7

Enuresis- Dx criteria

Answer 7

repreated voiding
frequency of at least twice a week for 3 months that causes issues with functional imparment
at least 5 yrs old
not do exclusively to substance or other medical issues

Question 8

Enuresis- tx

Answer 8

beh modification- enuresis alarm (bed alarm to condition child), fluid restriction, reward systems
psychotherapy- doesn’t dec enuresis, but can help with embarrassment or with the child’s family
medication management- DDAVP, Imipramine= equally effective but DDAVP has less AE. To treat underlying event. Good in short term, but high relapse rate,

Question 9

Encopresis-

Answer 9

passing of feces in inapproriate places
2 subtypes- retentive (constipation followed by leakage) vs non retentive
rate of spontaneous remission is not well documented, but prevalence rates dec with age

Question 10

Encopresis- dx criteria

Answer 10

repeated passage of feces in inapropirate places
at least 1 event/ ,month for 3 months
not due to other issue or meds
at least 4 yrs old

Question 11

Encopresis- tx

Answer 11

beh- toileting routines (reward successful poop), beh charts

Parent management training

Question 12

OCD- epideimiology

Answer 12

prevalence is approx 2.5%, but under dx in kids
age of onset  M>F
gradual onsent
waxing and waning of sx
?

Question 13

OCD- dx criteria

Answer 13

either obsession or compusions
person reconizes that these are unreasonable, cause marked distress or are time consuming.
Check for another AXIS I disorder
not a function of other disorder or med

Question 14

OCD- what are the obsessions

Answer 14

recurrent and persisten thoughts, impulses or images that are experienced at some time during the distubance as intrusive and innapropriate

Question 15

OCD- compuslsions

Answer 15

rep beh- aimed at preventing or reducing the distress related to situations

Question 16

OCD- ddx

Answer 16

substance
anxiety due to medical condiditon
MDD
GAD
sepcific/ social phobia
schizophrenia
OCPD

Question 17

OCD- tx

Answer 17

beh tx- CBT, fam tx

pharmacotherapy- TCAs, SSRIs

Question 18

ODD- epidemiology

Answer 18

prevaence is 3-15%
M=F
often concurrent with ADHD

Question 19

ODD- Dx criteria

Answer 19

negative beh last at least 6 months w/4 or more of following criteria…
causes significant impairment, do not occur exclusively during another disorder, and not part of CD

Question 20

ODD- ddx

Answer 20

normal developmental phenomena
CD
separation anxiety disorder
COD
Panic Disorder
MDD- in adolescents presents with irritability

Question 21

ODD- tx

Answer 21

psychotherapy- PMT- greatest efficacy, gives parents skill to deal with negative beh. Social skills group.
Pharmacotherapy- to tx other coexisting disorders