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Supernus > Overview of Brain and Epilepsy Multiple Choice Quiz > Flashcards

Overview of Brain and Epilepsy Multiple Choice Quiz Flashcards

0
Q

Which of the following are components of the Brain? Select all that apply.

Spinal Cord
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brains Stem

A

Cerebrum
Brain Stem
Cerebellum

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1
Q

The _______ is the Source of epilepsy.

Brain Stem
Cerebellum
Brain
Spinal Cord

A

Brain

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2
Q

Which of the following is composed of gray matter and white matter?

Cerebellum
Brain Stem
Cerebrum
Spinal Cord

A

Cerebrum

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3
Q

Which component of the brain is responsible for passing messages back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body?

Cerebrum
Brain Stem
Cerebellum
Spinal Cord

A

Brain Stem

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4
Q

Which component of the brain regulates the level of consciousness?

Cerebrum
Thalamus
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus

A

Thalamus

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5
Q

What is another term for gray matter?

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Cerebral Cortex

A

Cerebral Cortex

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6
Q

The gray matter is the outside portion of the cerebrum and provides functions associated with ________.

Dream Sleep
Daydreaming
Conscious thought
Unconscious thought

A

Conscious Thought

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7
Q

Which of the following are lobes of each cerebral hemisphere? Select all that apply

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal

A

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal

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8
Q

Which type of cells make up the brain?

Neurons
Photons
Neutrons
Electrons

A

Neurons

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9
Q

Neurons send ______ to and from one another through nerve fibers, which connect various parts of the brain, spinal cord, muscles, and glands.

Data
Information
Physical signals
Electrical signals

A

Electrical Signals

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10
Q

Which of the following are parts of a neuron? Select all that apply.

Axon
Synapse
Dendrite
Cell Body

A

Axon
Dendrite
Cell Body

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11
Q

Which of the following are the chemical messengers of the brain?

Neurotransmitters
Signal Transmitters
Electrical Transmitters
Cerebral Transmitters

A

Neurotransmitters

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12
Q

Which of the following play a key role in disease of the nervous system?

Neurotransmitters
Signal Transmitters
Electrotransmitters
Cerebral Transmitters

A

Neurotransmitters

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13
Q

According to one theory, epilepsy is caused by a(n) ________ between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.

Conflict
Balance
Imbalance
Disconnect

A

Imbalance

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14
Q

Which of the following terms describes “an atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electrical charge”?

Ion
Cell
Nerve
Channel

A

Ion

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15
Q

Epilepsy is a complex _______ conditon that produces seizures, which impact many mental and physical functions, such as consciousness, movements, and actions.

Mental
Medical
Psychiatric
Psychological

A

Medical

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16
Q

A person is considered to have epilepsy if the person has ______ or more seizures.

One
Two
Three
Four

A

Two

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17
Q

Which of the following describes the type of seizure that lead to a diagnosis of epilepsy?

Excitable
Provoked
Unprovoked
Unanticipated

A

Unprovoked

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18
Q

Seizures are a result of the neurons in the brain _______.

Dying
Dissolving
Being deformed
Firing abnormally

A

Firing abnormally

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19
Q

Which of the following statements about seizures and epilepsy is accurate?

Seizures are only associated with epilepsy
A seizure is always a symptom of epilepsy
Seizures are associated with many disorders
A Seizure and epilepsy are the same condition

A

Seizures are associated with many disorders

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20
Q

Estimates are that epilepsy affects between _______ million Americans.

  1. 2 and 1.8
  2. 8 and 2.2
  3. 2 and 2.8
  4. 2 and 3.8
A

2.2 and 2.8

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21
Q

It is estimated that there are _____ new cases of epilepsy in the U.S. annually.

100,000 - 125,000
125,000 - 150,000
150,000 - 200,000
200,000 - 225,000

A

150,000 - 200,000

22
Q

_______ are the fastest growing newly diagnosed population in the U.S.

Adults age 18 to 34
Adults age 35 to 55
Adults over 65
Children under age 6

A

Adults over age 65

23
Q

Which term describes the total number of existing cases in a specific population at a stated point in time?

Estimate
Projection
Incidence
Prevalence

A

Prevalence

24
Q

Individuals in which of the following populations are at higher risk of developing epilepsy? Select all that apply.

Stroke patients
Heart attack patients
Children with mental retardation
People with one unprovoked seizure

A

Stroke patients
Children with mental retardation
People with one unprovoked seizure

25
Q

A key factor determine the origin of the seizure is its ______ in the brain.

Effects
Timing
Location
Intensity

A

Location

26
Q

Which of the following are the two basic types of seizures?

Partial and focal
Partial and generalized
Simple partial and complex partial
Focal and secondary generalized

A

Partial and generalized

27
Q

A simple partial seizure is one in which the individual maintains ______.

Clear consciousness
Control of sensations
Partial consciousness
Control of movement

A

Clear consciousness

28
Q

A complex partial seizure is one in which the individual becomes _____.

Sleepy
Agitated
Confused
Talkative

A

Confused

29
Q

Automatisms are _____ activities, such as fumbling or lip smacking.

Focused
Deliberate
Purposeful
PUrposeless

A

Purposeless

30
Q

Generalized seizures originate in deep structures of the brain and travel to the cortical surface, where they manifest relatively simultaneously in ______.

Cerebral cortex
Both hemispheres
Frontal and temporal lobes
Parietal and Occipital lobes

A

Both hemispheres

31
Q

Which of the following are types of generalized seizures? Select all that apply.

Tonic
Absence
Myoclonic
Tonic-clonic

A

Tonic
Absence
Myoclonic
Tonic-clonic

32
Q

A major recent advance is recognition of ______ that cover a group of symptoms and provide more robust criteria for diagnosis, prognosis, and management.

Focal epilepsies
Seizure clusters
Epilepsy syndromes
Frontal lobe epilepsy

A

Epilepsy syndromes

33
Q

Status epilepticus is a(n) ______ characterized by frequent and/or prolonged epileptic seizures. select all that apply.

Life-threatening condition
Epilepsy syndrome
Medical emergency
Disorder of childhood

A

Medical Emergency

34
Q

No cause for seizures can be found in about ______ of people with epilepsy.

50%
60%
70%
80%

A

70%

35
Q

Seizures that are not controlled by medication are called _______. Select all that apply.

Petit mal
Intractable
Refractory
Generalized

A

Inctractable

Refractory

36
Q

When a seizure can be linked to identifiable disease or brain abnormalities, the seizure is called _______.

Idiopathic
Classifiable
Cryptogenic
Symptomatic

A

Symptomatic

37
Q

When no cause can be found for the seizure or when the cause is hidden, the seizure is called _______.

Idiopathic
Cryptogenic
Symptomatic
Unidentifiable

A

Cryptogenic

38
Q

When the cause of the seizure is unknown or when a genetic cause is suspected, the seizure is called ______.

Idiopathic
Cryptogenic
Symptomatic
Unidentifiable

A

Idiopathic

39
Q

Which of the following are potential causes of epilepsy? Select all that apply.

Stroke
Infections
Head trauma
Brain malformations

A

Stroke
Infections
Head trauma
Brain malformations

40
Q

Seizures that are an immediate result of metabolic stimuli or medication are not epilepsy; the seizure in epilepsy are _______.

Electrical
Synchronous
Unprovoked
Symptomatic

A

Unprovoked

41
Q

Partial (focal) seizures can be caused by _______. Select all that apply.

Stroke
Brain injury
Head trauma
Brain malformation

A

Stroke
Brain injury
Head trauma
Brain malformation

42
Q

Generalized seizures can be cause by ______. Select all that apply.

Low oxygen
Low blood sugar
Medication overdose
Medication withdrawal

A

Low oxygen
Low blood sugar
Medication overdose
Medication withdrawal

43
Q

Which of the following is considered the most important tool in diagnosing epilepsy?

Blood analysis
Medical history
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Computer tomography (CT) scan

A

Medical history

44
Q

Which of the following are common comorbidities among people with epilepsy? Select all that apply.

Anxiety
Vertigo
Psychosis
Depression

A

Anxiety
Psychosis
Depression

45
Q

What are the goals of all epilepsy treatment? Select all that apply.

To cure epilepsy
To avoid side effects
To prevent further seizures
to eliminate the social stigma

A

To avoid side effects

To prevent further seizures

46
Q

The prognosis for people with epilepsy that has a known cause is _____ compared to cases in which the cause is unknown.

Better
Worse
Much better
Much worse

A

Worse

47
Q

Which of the following are first-aid rules for epilepsy? Select all that apply.

Give the person CPR
Time the Seizure with your watch
Don’t hold the person down or try to stop his movement
Loosen anything around the neck that may make breathing difficult

A

Time the Seizure with your watch
Don’t hold the person down or try to stop his movement
Loosen anything around the neck that may make breathing difficult

48
Q

Epilepsy _______ the ability to become pregnant.

Limits
May limit
Does not limit
Effects of epilepsy on pregnancy is unkown

A

Does not limit

49
Q

Compared to the general population, the risk of developing epilepsy for children with a mother or father with epilepsy is _______.

Higher
The same
Slightly higher
Significantly higher

A

Slightly higher

50
Q

Which of the following are factors that lead to the development of epilepsy in the elderly? Select all that apply.

Tumor
Driving
Dementia
Cerebrovascular disease

A

Tumor
Dementia
Cerebrovascular disease

51
Q

Which of the following are specific concerns about teenagers with epilepsy? Select all that apply.

Major stresses
Sleep deprivation
Risk of pregnancy
Adherence to medication

A

Major stresses
Sleep deprivation
Risk of pregnancy
Adherence to medication

52
Q

A report from the Institute of Medicine on adults with epilepsy showed that as the number of seizures increased, the _______ decreased.

Quality of life
Attention from family
Adherence to medication
Side effects from medication

A

Quality of life

Supernus (6 decks)

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