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RRCCPA Pharmacology > Overview Of Antibacterial Therapy (word Doc) > Flashcards

Overview Of Antibacterial Therapy (word Doc) Flashcards

1
Q

Staph, Strep, and Enterococci are what category of bacteria?

A

Gram Positive Cocci

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2
Q

N gonorrheae, N meningitidis, and M catarrhalis are what category of bacteria?

A

Gram negative cocci

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3
Q

Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes are what category of bacteria?

A

Gram positive rods

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4
Q

H influenzae, E coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are what category of bacteria?

A

Gram negative rods

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5
Q

Clostridium difficile, tetani, and botulinum are what category of bacteria?

A

Anaerobes: Gram Positive rod

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6
Q

Bacteroides fragilis is what category of bacteria?

A

Anaerobe: Gram negative rod

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7
Q

Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Rickettsia are what category of bacteria?

A

Atypical

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8
Q

Name the 8 bacteria most commonly seen in meningitis. (Hint: BEHLN-SSS)

A
  • Bacteroides
  • E coli
  • H influenza
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • N meningitidis
  • Staph aureus
  • Strep pneumo
  • Strep pyogenes
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9
Q

Name the 4 bacteria most commonly associated with skin and soft tissue infections. (Hint: CPSS)

A
  • Clostridia species
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Staph aureus
  • Strep pyogenes
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10
Q

Name the 3 most common bacteria assoc. w/ Endocarditis. (Hint: SSV)

A

Staphy aureus
Srep pyogenes
Viridans streptococci

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11
Q

Name the 2 most common bacteria assoc. w/ URI’s. (Hint: SS)

A

Strep pneumoniae

Strep pyogenes

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12
Q

Name the 3 most common bacteria assoc. w/ Lower respiratory tract infections. (Hint: CMS)

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (walking pneumonia)
Strep pneumo

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13
Q

Name the two most common bacteria assoc. w/ hospital acquired lung infections. (Hint: BP)

A

Bacteroides fragilis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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14
Q

Name the 3 most common bacteria assoc. w/ PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) (Hint: BCN)

A

Bacteroides species
Chlamydia trachomatis
N gonorrhea

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15
Q

Name the 2 most common bacteria assoc. w/ UTI’s. (Hint: EP)

A

E Coli

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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16
Q

Name the 3 most common bacteria assoc. w/ intra-abdominal infections. (Hint: CEB)

A

C difficile
E coli
Bacteroides fragilis

17
Q

Name one bacteria assoc. w/ liver and pancreas infections.

A

Bacteroides fragilis

18
Q

Name the most common bacteria related to mouth infections.

A

Viridans streptococci

19
Q

Name the 4 most common bugs assoc. w/ bone and joint infections. (Hint: NPSS)

A

N gonorrhoeae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Strep pneumo
Staph aureus

20
Q

Name the 2 most common bugs assoc. w/ genital infections. (Hint: CN)

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

N gonorrhoeae

21
Q

Name the 6 types of abx that have MOA’s for cell wall synthesis. (Hint: BVPMCC)

A
  • Bacitracin (skin)
  • Vancomycin (glycopeptide, gram pos, MRSA)
  • Penicillins (Gram pos bugs)
  • Monobactams (Aztreonam, Gram Neg, Pseudomonas)
  • Cephalosporins (1st gen gram pos Cephalexin/Cefazolin, 2nd gen more gram neg Cefuroxime, 3rd gen less gram pos more gram neg Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime/Cefpodoxime, 4th gen Cefepime covers Pseudomonas, 5th gen Ceftaroline covers MRSA)
  • Carbapenems (Doripenem/Imipenem/Miropenem all cover Pseudomonas, Ertapenem does not) good for intraabdominal infections
22
Q

Name the three types of abx whose MOA works on nucleic acids (ie: DNA gyrase, RNA polymerase, and DNA)

A

1) Fluoroquinolones: Gram neg/pos, good respiratory penetration
- Ciprofloxacin (covers Pseudomonas, only one non-respiratory, used for UTI and lower abd infx)
- Levofloxacin (covers pseudo)
- Moxifloxacin (only one that doesn’t cover pseudomonas)
2) Riffffffampin for H infffffffluenzae
3) Nitroimidazole: Metronidazole (anaerobic below diaphragm
4) Nitrofurantoin (used for UTI’s and ear infections)

23
Q

Name the 3 abx whose MOA works on 50s ribosome protein synthesis.

A

1) Macrolides (azithro, erythro, clarithromycin)
- atypical pneumonia coverage, H influenzae
- azithro (strep pneumo is resistant)
2) Chloramphenicol (don’t recall this one so feel free to enter info if you know)
3) Lincosamides (clindamycin)
- Gram pos and good anaerobic coverage

24
Q

Name the 2 types of abx whose MOA works on 30s inhibition of protein synthesis.

A

1) tetracyclines: Gram pos, MRSA coverage
- doxycycline
- tetracycline
- minocycline
2) Aminoglycosides: Gram Neg with anti-Pseudomonal activity; toxicities assoc. w/ them such as ototoxic and nephrotoxic
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
- Amikacin

25
Q

Name one abx whose MOA is protein synthesis (tRNA).

A
  • Oxazolidinones: Gram Pos, MRSA, VRE
  • Linezolid
  • Tedizolid
26
Q

Name two abx whose MOA’s work on cell membranes.

A

1) Lipopeptide: Gram Pos MRSA and VRE; NO LUNG PENETRATION
- Daptomycin
2) Polymyxins: used in abx skin ointments like bacitracin

27
Q

Name the one abx whose MOA works on Folic Acid Metabolism.

A

-Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim): Gram Neg and MRSA

28
Q

Selective toxicity: bacteria must synthesize folate intracellularly while mammalian cells can take up folate from the environment. Which abx class acts on folate metabolism?

A

Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)

29
Q

Selective toxicity: certain abx can work on protein synthesis, specifically ribosomes, because humans have 40s/60s ribosomes whereas bacteria have 30s/50s ribosomes. What 4 abx work on protein synthesis inhibition?

A
  • Aminoglycosides (gentamicin)
  • Tetracyclines (doxycycline)
  • Lincosamides (clindamycin)
  • Macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin, etc)
30
Q

Selective toxicity: bacterial nucleic acid synthesis is different from humans. Bacteria use DNA gyrase for their circular DNA, while humans use topoisomerase. Name the 4 abx classes that work on nucleic acid synthesis. (Hint: FRNN)

A
  • Fluoroquinolones (cipro, levo)
  • Rifampin
  • Nitroimidazole (Metronidazole)
  • Nitrofurantoin
31
Q

Selective toxicity: human cells don’t have a cell wall. What 5 abx classes inhibit cell wall synthesis? (Hint: LPMCC)

A
  • Lipopeptide (Vancomycin)
  • Penicillins (amoxicillin)
  • Cephalosporins (cefepime, ceftaroline)
  • Monobactams (Aztreonam)
  • Carbapenems (dori, erta, miri)

RRCCPA Pharmacology (1 decks)

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