Overview, Learning Objectives, & Checklist Flashcards

1
Q

What elements make up a price?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What objectives does a firm have in setting prices?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a demand curve?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What role does revenue play in pricing decisions?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does price elasticity of demand mean to a manger facing a pricing decision?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What role do costs make in pricing decisions?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do various combinations of price, fixed cost and unit variable cost affect a firm’s break-even point?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is an “approximate price level” established using a demand-oriented approach?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is an “approximate price level” established using a profit-oriented approach?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is an “approximate price level” established using a competition-oriented approach?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What major factors are considered in deriving a final list or quoted price from the approximate level?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What adjustments can be made to the approximate price level through discounts?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What adjustments can be made to the approximate price level through the basis of discounts?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What adjustments can be made to the approximate price level through geography?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do laws and regulations affect pricing practices?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 Factors that affect Demand Curve

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Price

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Allowances

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Price Elasticity of Demand

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Barter

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pricing Constraint

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Break-Even Analysis

A

Relationship between total revenue and total cost to determine profitability at various levels of output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pricing Objective

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Break-even Chart

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Profit

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Break-even Point

A

When Total Revenue = Total Cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Profit Equation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Contribution Margin

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Profitability Objective

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Demand Curve

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Sales Revenue Objective

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Demand Factors

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Social Responsibility Objective

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Elastic Demand

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Survival Objective

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Extra fees

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Total Cost

A
38
Q

Final Price

A
39
Q

Total Revenue

A

Total money received from the sale of a product

40
Q

Fixed Cost

A
41
Q

Unit Variable Cost

A
42
Q

Incentives

A
43
Q

Unit Volume Objective

A
44
Q

Inelastic Demand

A
45
Q

Value

A
46
Q

List Price

A

Established price normally quoted to potential buyers

47
Q

Value Pricing

A

The practice of simultaneously increasing product and service benefits while maintaining or decreasing price

48
Q

Market Share Objective

A
49
Q

Variable Cost

A
50
Q

Above-, At, or Below-market pricing

A

Setting a price based on a subjective feel for the competitors’ price or market price as the benchmark

51
Q

Predatory Pricing

A

Charging a very low price for a product with the intent of driving competitors out of business

52
Q

Allowance

A
53
Q

Prestige Pricing

A

Setting a high price so that consumers that value quality or status will be attracted to the product

54
Q

Basing-point Pricing

A
55
Q

Price Fixing

A

A conspiracy among firms to set prices for a product

56
Q

Cash discount

A
57
Q

Price lining

A
58
Q

Cost-plus pricing

A
59
Q

Price War

A
60
Q

Cumulative Quantity Discount

A
61
Q

Product Line Pricing

A
62
Q

Customary Pricing

A

Setting a price that is dictated by tradition, a standardized channel of distribution, or other competitive factors

63
Q

Promotional Allowance

A
64
Q

Deceptive Pricing

A

Bait-and-Switch
The practice of misleading consumers with price deals

65
Q

Quantity discounts

A
66
Q

Dynamic Price Policy (aka flexible price policy)

A
67
Q

Seasonal Discount

A
68
Q

Single-zone Pricing

A
69
Q

Skimming Pricing

A

Setting the highest initial price that customers who really desire the product are willing to pay when introducing a new or innovative product

70
Q

Everyday Low Pricing

A
71
Q

Experience Curve Pricing

A
72
Q

Fixed Price Policy (aka one price policy)

A
73
Q

FOB Origin Pricing

A
74
Q

Standard Markup Pricing

A
75
Q

Target Pricing

A
  1. Estimating the price that consumers would be willing to pay
  2. Working backward through markups taken by retailers and wholesalers
  3. Adjust composition and features of the product to achieve the target price to consumers
76
Q

4 Approaches to selecting price level

A
77
Q

Target profit pricing

A

Setting an annual target of a specific dollar volume of profit

78
Q

Geographical Pricing

A
79
Q

Target Return on investment pricing

A
80
Q

Loss leader pricing

A
81
Q

Target return on sales pricing

A
82
Q

Multiple zone pricing

A
83
Q

Trade-in Allowance

A
84
Q

Non-Cumulative Quantity Discount

A
85
Q

Uniform delivered pricing

A

Includes all transportation costs

86
Q

Odd-even pricing (aka odd pricing)

A

Setting prices a few dollars or cent under an even number ($189.99)

87
Q

Yield Management Pricing

A

Changing of different prices to maximize revenue for a set amount of capacity at any given time

88
Q

Penetration Pricing

A

The opposite of Skimming Pricing

Setting a low initial price on a new product to appeal immediately to the mass market

89
Q

Determinants of Elasticity

A
  • Availability of substitutes
  • Role as a complement to another product
  • Whether product is perceived as a necessity
  • Whether product is perceived as a luxury
  • Portion of a person’s budget spent on an item
  • Consumers’ time perspective
90
Q

Relationship between Elasticity and Revenue/Profit

A
  • Price cuts will increase revenues for products with elastic demand
  • Price increases will increase revenue for products with inelastic demand
91
Q

Left Digit Effect

A