Overview & Etiology Flashcards
EBIG chs. 1 & 4
What is the definition of acquired brain injury?
an injury to the brain that occurred after birth, is not hereditary, congenital, or degenerative.
commonly results in a change in neuronal activity, physical integrity, and metabolic activity or the functional ability of the cell
NOT r/t birth trauma
What is the definition of a traumatic brain injury?
Insult to the brain, not of degenerative or congenital nature, but caused by an external physical force, that may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness
results in an impairment of cognitive abilities and/or physical functioning
may result in behavioral/emotional disturbance
may be temporary or permanent and cause partial or total functional disability or psychosocial maladjustment
What are the characteristics of a mild brain injury?
LOC for <30 minutes/possibly no LOC
GCS 13-15
PTA <24 hours
temporary or permanently altered mental or neurological state
PCS
What are the characteristics of a moderate brain injury?
coma >20-30 minutes but less than 24 hours
GCS 9-12
possible skull fractures with bruising and bleeding
signs on EEG, CT, or MRI
some long term problems in 1+ areas of life (e.g., home, work, community)
What are the characteristics of a severe brain injury?
Coma >24 hours often lasting days or weeks
GCS of 3-8
bruising/bleeding in the brain
Signs on EEG, CT, or MRI
Long term impairments in 1+ areas of life
What is the incidence of TBI?
1.4 million in the U.S
How many deaths are caused by TBI/incidence?
50,000 deaths In the U.S.
How many ED visits are caused by TBI incidence?
1.1 million in the U.S.
What is the prevalence of TBI
