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Bio 101 > Overview & Cellular Biology > Flashcards

Overview & Cellular Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 7 properties of life?

A

Order, Response to Stimuli, Reproduction, Adaptation, Growth & Development, Homeostatsis, Energy Processing

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2
Q

Explain the property of life: Order

A

Organisms are highly structured (think of atoms to organelles to organ systems etc.)

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3
Q

What is a Prokaryote cell?

A

A cell WITHOUT a nucleus and is a single-celled organisms such as Bacteria

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4
Q

What is a Eukaryote cell?

A

A cell WITH a nucleus and a membrane bound organelles. They are multicellular organisms such as Animals, Plants, and Fungi.

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5
Q

What advantage does Sexual Reproduction have over Asexual Reproduction?

A

Variation

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6
Q

What is Meiosis?

A

Meiosis is a process for sexual reproduction that results in 4 nucleis with half the number of chromosomes (23). It produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent cells allowing for variation.

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7
Q

What is Mitosis?

A

Mitosis is a process for growth and replacing worn out cells that results in 2 nucleis with 46 chromosomes. It produces two genetically identical cells from the parent cells.

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8
Q

Why are there no super predators that specialize in eating lions in the wild?

A

A lion receieves little energy compared to the energy grass receives from the sun due to the food chain.

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9
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A

Process in which the mitochondria break down food molecules(glucose) to produce ATP which may be used for energy.

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10
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

An organism that can produce its own food. (plants are autotrophs due to photosynthesis)

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11
Q

What are Heterotrophs?

A

Organisms incapable of photosynthesis and obtain food by consuming other organisms. Heterotrophs DEPEND on Autotrophs

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12
Q

A new species has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What colors of visible light are being absorbed and NOT being absorbed by this pigment?

A

The plant is absorbing red and yellow pigments. The colors being reflected is bllue and violet if the leaves are reddish yellow.

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13
Q

How do desert plants balance the need for CO2 with the need to avoid water loss in hot temperature?

A

Desert plants leave their stomate open at night when temperatures are cooler.

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14
Q

How does the burning of fossil fuels affect the carbon cycle?

A

Burning Fossils release a ton of carbon into the atomsphere, afffecting the climate.

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15
Q

How does deforestation affect the carbon cycle?

A

Trees store a lot of carbon just like fossil fuels so when chopped down, it’s released into the atomsphere too.

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16
Q

What is a independent variable?

A

The variable that can be varied or manipulated in an experiment. Doesn’t depend on another variable (EX: the amount of fertilizer used. Dosage of medicine, etc.)

16
Q

What is a dependent variable?

A

What you measure in an experiment and what is being affected during the experiment. Depends on the independent variable. (EX: Plant growth, Reaction time, blood pressure, etc.)

17
Q

What is a control variable?

A

A variable that’s kept consistent and not changed/manipulated during an experiment.

18
Q

What is the importance of setting control variables in an experiment?

A

It enhances the validity of the study by isolating the effect of the independent variable from the dependent variable.

19
Q

What is an observation?

A

A record of a phenomenom

20
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A possible explanation for an observation

21
Q

What is a prediction?

A

A statement about what will happen IF the hypothesis is correct

22
Q

Why do plants look green? Are they reflecting or absorbing green light?

A

Plants contain clorophyll which causes the plant to look green and because of this, they reflect green light during photosynthesis.

23
Q

What are the major chemical INPUTS from photosynthesis?

A

Inputs: Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Sunlight
6CO2 + 6 H2O

24
Q

What are the major chemical OUTPUTS from photosynthesis?

A

Outputs: 1 Sugar and Oxygen (6O2)

25
Q

What is the significance electromagnetic waves beetween 400 and 700nm?

A

The measurements 400 and 700nm represent the lengths of the wave lengths.
Longer waves = LESS energy
Shorter waves = MORE energy

26
Q

How does having multiple pigments benefit plants?

A

The advantages of plants being able to absorb multiple pigments allows plants to absorb more energy

27
Q

What is inductive reasoning?

A

From a number of observations, a general conclusion is drawn.

27
Q

What is the powerful and weakest colors on the light spectrum?

A

Violet has the POWERFUL photons
Red as the WEAKEST photons

28
Q

What is deductive reasoning?

A

From a general premise, specific results are predicted.

Bio 101 (2 decks)

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