Overview and introduction

Question 1

What is pressure?

Answer 1

The force that acts at right angles per unit of surface area of something in a fluid or gas

Question 2

What is gauge pressure?

Answer 2

The difference b/n the measured pressure and atmospheric pressure

Question 3

What is oscillation? Where is this found in the car?

Answer 3

To and from movement of a vibrating object or system. It’s found in suspensions. We use dampers or shock absorbers to prevent the springs from oscillating

Question 4

What is energy? What is the measurement?

Answer 4

The ability to do work. It is work that is stored up. Measured in joules

Question 5

What is power? What is it’s measurement?

Answer 5

The rate of doing work or converting energy. Measured in watts

Question 6

What is the equation for power?

Answer 6

P=E/T
P=power
E=work done aka energy
T=Time

Question 7

What is force? What is it’s measurement?

Answer 7

A vector quantity. Force must have size and direction. Measured in N (newtons)

Question 8

What is torque?

Answer 8

Turning effect of force

Question 9

What is density?

Answer 9

The measure of compactness of a substance. Measured in kg/m3
D=m/V
D=density
m= mass
V= volume

Question 10

What is relative density?

Answer 10

The ratio of density of one substance to another

Question 11

What is heat? What is it’s measurement?

Answer 11

A form of energy that depends on the vibrating movement or kinetic energy of its molecules or atoms. Measured in Joules

Question 12

How does heat flow?

Answer 12

It flows from a higher temperature to a lower temperature

Question 13

What happens to an object when heat is applied?

Answer 13

It either increases in temperature or the material may expand

Question 14

What happens when gases are confined?

Answer 14

It will increase in pressure

Question 15

What is convection?

Answer 15

The transmission of heat through liquid or gas in currents. Like when the air in a car is warmed by a heater blower

Question 16

What is radiation?

Answer 16

Heat transferred by infrared rays

Question 17

What are gears?

Answer 17

Toothed wheels that transmit turning movement of one shaft to another

Question 18

What determines the gear ratio?

Answer 18

The amount of teeth on the two gear wheels

Question 19

What is the torque ratio?

Answer 19

The turning force on the output shaft compared w/ turning force on input shaft

Question 20

What is the speed ratio?

Answer 20

The speed of the output shaft compared to speed of the input shaft

Question 21

Give an example of gear ratio

Answer 21

Gear of ratio of 2:1 (20 input, 10 output). This means twice the speed output but half the torque input. Input usually has more torque whereas speed is multiplied in the outputs

Question 22

What are hydraulics?

Answer 22

The use of liquid properties to transmit pressure and movement

Question 23

Describe uses of hydraulics

Answer 23

Hydraulics uses pressurized liquid can increase mechanical efficiency. This can be found in vehicle braking and hydraulic jacks

Question 24

What are the 2 liquid connected pistons in the cylinders of a basic hydraulic system?

Answer 24

The narrow bore and the large bore. Force applied to the narrow piston applies some pressure to the liquid and is then transmitted to the larger piston

Question 25

Describe force multiplication b/n the larger and smaller piston

Answer 25

The larger piston has more force exerted on it. The force may be increased but the smaller piston has to move a great distance to move the larger piston by a small distance. Therefore, mechanical advantage is gained in force (increased force) but movement is lost (more movement needed)

Question 26

What is corrosion and what are examples?

Answer 26

Corrosion is the eating away and destruction of metals and alloys. Examples include rusting of iron and steel through oxidation and creates iron oxide (rust)

Question 27

What is the key to compression fitting?

Answer 27

The interference fit. The component ie. bearing, is slightly larger than the hole it’s trying to be fitted in

Question 28

What is a gasket?

Answer 28

a pressure and fluid tight seal b/n two faces. In engine, it handles high pressures and temperatures. Gaskets make up for imperfect surfaces as it it’s a seal

Question 29

What is a sealant?

Answer 29

Liquid rubber or instant gaskets that joins surfaces. It’s easier to apply, there’s little space taken up, and there’s reduced fretting from vibration (less likely to leak)

Question 30

What is an oil seal?

Answer 30

A synthetic rubber seal that can tighten when pressure is applied. Excellent at preventing oil from entering combustion chamber