Overview Flashcards
The amount of water lost in urine is controlled by the
Kidneys
The MAIN organs of the excretory system are the
Kidneys
Excretion is the process of
Removing wastes and excess water from the body
Other organs that excrete waste
Large intestine, liver, skin, and lungs
The large intestine eliminates solid waste that remains after
Food digestion
Two things the liver breaks down
Excess amino acids and toxins in the blood
Two things the lungs exhale
Water vapor and carbon dioxide
Two things skin eliminates in sweat
Excess water and salts
Five parts of the excretory system
Kidneys, large intestine, liver, skin and lungs
Urinary system function
To filter wastes and excess water from the blood and body
Shape of kidneys
Bean-shaped
Besides filtering blood, kidneys form
Urine
Nephrons
Structural and functional units of a kidney
Number of nephrons in one kidney
More than a million
How blood enters the kidney
Through the renal artery
Blood passes through this part of a nephron first
Glomerulus
Tube that connects the kidney to the bladder
Ureter
Muscular tube that carries urine out of the body
The urethra
The nephron has three sites, name them
Site of filtration, site of secretion and absorption, and site of urine formation
What the kidneys secrete to help maintain homeostasis
Hormones
How many kidneys must function properly to maintain life
One
A “tiny filtering plant” in a kidney
A nephron
Nephrology
The study of kidneys and their functioning
Medical procedure in which blood is filtered through a machine
Dialysis
Uncontrolled diabetes may damage which capillaries
Capillaries of nephrons
What medicine is used to treat bladder infections
Antibiotics
Name of mineral crystals that form in urine inside the kidney
Kidney stones
