overview Flashcards
what are the contents of the fluid portion of blood
plasma
plasma proteins
solutes
what are the 3 functions of blood
transport
regulation
protection
name the function of albumins
affect osmotic pressure and transports fatty acids
name the function of globulins
serve in immune response
name the function of fibrinogen
precursor/inactive form of fibrin (a clotting protein)
what are erthrocytes
Red blood cells
What are leukocytes
White blood cells
What are thrombocytes?
platelets
What is hematopoiesis
development of formed elements in red blood marrow (RBC, WBC, and platelets)
what is the precursor stem cell of a erythrocyte
proerythrocyte
what is the stem cell of granulocytes
myleoblast
what is the stem cell of a monocyte (macrophage)
monoblast
what is the stem cell of B and T lymphocytes
lymphoblast
what is the stem cell of thrombocytes (platelets)
megakaryocyte
What hormone aids erthropoiesis
erythropoietin
what hormone aids thrombopoiesis
thrombopoietin
define heme
red pigment
contains iron at the center to reversibly bind O2
define globin
protein that binds CO2
explain heme recycling
aged RBC are phagocytosed by macrophage in spleen
Hb split into globin and heme
What happens to globin during RBC recycling
broken down into individual amino acids
what happens to heme during RBC recycling
the iron is removed from heme.
define transferrin and ferritin
carrier of iron from blood to liver
Iron storage in liver
Explain the fate of heme pigment during recycling
Heme > biliverdin (green) > bilirubin (orange) > blood > liver > bile > small intestine > urobiligen > stercobilin
OR
Heme > biliverdin (green) > bilirubin (orange) > blood > liver > bile > small intestine > urobiligen > urobilin > urinr
what mechanism is used for RBC formation
negative feedback
Explain the negative feedback loop of RBC formation
low O2 delivery detected by kidneys
increased erythpoietin formation
increased proerythroblast to erythroblast formation in red bone marrow
^RBC = ^O2 delivery = reduction of initial stress
Explain the cause and effect of sickle cell anemia
amino acid substitution in globin chain
changes shape of RBC
