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Strength And Conditioning > Overtraining > Flashcards

Overtraining Flashcards

0
Q

What is overreaching

A

Short term decrements

Last days to several weeks

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1
Q

What is in the overtraining continuum

A 
Recovered 
Functional overreaching 
Non functional OR
overtraining
Burnout
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2
Q

What is overtraining

A

Long term effect on performance

Lasts several weeks to months

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3
Q

How long does functional over reaching last

A

Days to weeks

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4
Q

How long does non functional over reacting last

A

Weeks to months

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5
Q

What is burnout

A

A negative motivational emotional state

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6
Q

What is unexplained underperformance syndrome

A

Persistent unexplained performance deflect despite two weeks of relative rest

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7
Q

How long should rule out simple overreaching in terms of UPS

A

2 weeks of rest

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8
Q

Incidence rates in adults

A

20-30%

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9
Q

Problems with measuring overtraining

A

Variations in definitions
Different time scales
Higher rates with longer time scale

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10
Q

How many signs are there

A

Over 90

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11
Q

Some examples of signs of overtraining

A 
Underperformance
Increased perceived effort
Frequent URTI
muscle soreness 
Sleep disturbances
Loss of appitite
Mood disturbances 
Apathy 
Increased conflict
Poor concentration
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12
Q

Over training symptoms in endurance athletes

A

Persistent fatigue
Underperformance
Mood changes

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13
Q

Overtraining symptoms in power athletes

A

Mood changes

Underperformance

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14
Q

What is a possible pyshiological cause

A

Cortisol

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15
Q

During NFOR what happens in relation to cortisol

A

Concentrations enhanced
Decreased T:C ration
Chronic elevation desentisises hypothalamus to cortisol which increases production

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16
Q

What happens to cortisol during overtrained

A

Signs of HPA axis dysfunction due to over load

Cortisol reduced

17
Q

What are issues with measuring cortisol as a measure of overtraining

A

Seasonal - winter higher levels

Diurnal rythm

18
Q

What shaped curve is produced with training volume and risk of infection

A

J shaped

19
Q

What do overtrained athletes report having more of

A

Upper respiratory tract infections

20
Q

When can increased infections occur

A

1-2 weeks after intense training

21
Q

What is the open window hypothesis

A 
Increased airflow during exercise
Increased exposure
Increased lymphocyte apoptosis
Increased cortisol 
Decreased natural killer cell activity
22
Q

Is igA increased or reduced in overtrained

A

Reduced

23
Q

In terms of the PNS SNS balance what happens at rest

A

Slightly high PNS. To control heart rate

24
Q

In terms of the PNS SNS balance what happens after training

A

SNS remains the same

PNS increases

25
Q

In terms of the PNS SNS balance what happens in early over training

A

Sympathetic type

Big rise in SNS

26
Q

In terms of the PNS SNS balance what happens in late overtraining

A

Parasympathetic type
Same PNS levels
Decrease in SNS

27
Q

What are other physiological markers

A

Decreased :

Peak vo2 
RER
peak lactate
Testosterone
Anaerobic power
MSFT performance
Hb and hct
Serum electrolyte
Serum glucose and FFA
gh 
White cell count

Increased SNS activity

28
Q

What are some psychological questionnaires

A

POMS/TDS
DALDA
ABQ

29
Q

In the profile of mood state questionaire what do overtrained and healthy athletes do

A

Healthy athletes
Depression barley changes
Vigour declines

OTS
more pronounced changes in all categories
Depression increases

30
Q

What is and when is the TDS used

A

Training distress scale and shortened version of POMS

Best used monthly and looks at the past week

31
Q

Components of the ABQ

A

Physical emotional exhaustion
Reduced sense of accomplishment
Sport devaluation

32
Q

In the ABQ what score is better

A

Lower

33
Q

Issues surrounding questionnaires

A

Social desirability bias
Day to day variation
What is a high or low score

34
Q

What are causes of overtraining

A 
Excessive exercise
Insufficient recovery
Monotony
High intensity to early 
Frequent important competitions
Poor diet chronic energy balance
Environmental stress
Psychological stress
35
Q

What does the single identity theory suggest

A

Little spare time less than 5hrs a week
Identity based sport
Self esteem and self worth based on success
Friends through the sport

36
Q

What does entrapment suggest

A 
Despite low motivation to continue an athlete feels unable to stop due to:
Active burnout
Single identity
Conditional love
Guilt
37
Q

How many factors do depression and overtraining share

A

7

38
Q

What factors do overtraining and depression share

A

Numerous factors initiate the disorder

Dose response

Mental and physical performance impaired

Mood changes

Resolution requires weeks or months if rest

Clinical features vary between individuals

Symptoms are non specific and numerous

39
Q

What should screening be and include

A

Holistic

Performance tests
Physiological markers
Psychological
Sociological

40
Q

Prevention techniques

A 
Periodisation 
Psychological 
Training diary
Nutritional
Infections
Social support

Strength And Conditioning (10 decks)

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