Overall Terms Flashcards
Satisficing
Settling for something we know may not be the best possible choice, but that at least meets our essential needs.
Find a good enough solution as quickly as possible.
Tradeoff
The prioritization of one aspect over another, or the compromise between conflicting goals or constraints.
Cost of this:
Worst Possible Outcome (WPO):
Questions to frame this:
What’s the cost?
What are some realistic alternatives?
Is there any information that we’re missing?
Maximizing
Find the best solution with the biggest benefits and smallest costs.
Framing
The exact same data can lead to different conclusions depending on how it is initially presented.
Loss aversion
The pain of losing is about twice as intense as the pleasure of gaining, leading people to miscalculate tradeoffs involving loss.
We overvalue losses versus gains.
Sunk cost fallacy
Abandoning partially completed projects feels like “losing” the effort we have already made.
To avoid this, we continue investing time, even if success is unlikely.
Design principles
Value statements that describe the specific goals or priorities which are essential to the success of a product.
Groupthink
A psychological phenomenon that propels well-intentioned individuals to follow the behavior or opinion of the majority and make suboptimal decisions for the sake of conformity.
Avoiding Groupthink:
Pre-mortem: Each participant does this individually; responses are compiled and analyzed to identify issues which have been previously ignored.
Post-mortem: “Fail fast!” only works if you’ve realized you’ve failed.
Integrate success measure into initial planning.
Hypothesis
A supposition or proposed explanation made on the bases of limited evidence as a starting point of further investigation.
Testing this:
1. What could be an explanation/solution?
2. What information do we need to collect to confirm/reject the hypothesis?
3. How can we collect this information?
Halo effect
Judgements about on dimension color our evaluation of …
Opportunity cost
The value of a benefit that is sacrificed in order to achieve a competing benefit.
Process for Prioritization
- Identify important and differentiating factors
- Define rating style and scale
- Rate how well each option fulfills each factor
- Implement the option with the best score
If you get it wrong:
- Explore “why?”
- Revisit your criteria
- Review their weightings
- Carry out research
Don’t use a screwdriver approach to tweak the results to what you want it to be.
Translating UX Value
Coordination between different groups often requires converting domain-specific values into shared terminology and goals.
UX values:
- efficiency
-
Think about what other departments care about: values for other domains:
- cost control
- branding
- revenue
Vroom-Yetton-Jago Model of Leadership
Autocratic: Leader decides; may gather input from others
Consultative: Leader collects input from other groups separately, then decides
Collaborative: Group(s) interact to achieve consensus; leader facilitates
The Common Knowledge Effect
The tendency for information held by most members of a group to have a greater impact on the group’s final decision than information held by a minority of members.
