Overall subject

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid, genetic material of organisms.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Cell structure where DNA is located.

Question 3

Double Helix

Answer 3

Shape of DNA, resembling a twisted ladder.

Question 4

Nucleotides

Answer 4

Building blocks of DNA composed of sugar, phosphate, base.

Question 5

Deoxyribose Sugar

Answer 5

Sugar component of DNA nucleotides.

Question 6

Nitrogen Bases

Answer 6

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine in DNA.

Question 7

Complementary Base Pairing

Answer 7

A pairs with T, G pairs with C.

Question 8

Chromosomes

Answer 8

Structures containing DNA, organized in cells.

Question 9

Autosomes

Answer 9

Chromosomes 1-22, determine body structure and function.

Question 10

Sex Chromosomes

Answer 10

Chromosome pair 23, determines biological sex.

Question 11

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 11

Chromosomes of the same length, paired at centromere.

Question 12

Diploid

Answer 12

Cell with two complete sets of chromosomes.

Question 13

Haploid

Answer 13

Cell with a single set of chromosomes.

Question 14

Allele

Answer 14

Different versions of a gene at a locus.

Question 15

Genes

Answer 15

Segments of DNA that determine traits.

Question 16

Genetic Code

Answer 16

Rules for translating DNA into proteins.

Question 17

Codons

Answer 17

Three-nucleotide sequences that specify amino acids.

Question 18

Polymer

Answer 18

Large molecule made of repeating smaller units.

Question 19

DNA Replication

Answer 19

Process of copying DNA before cell division.

Question 20

Sister Chromatids

Answer 20

Identical copies of a chromosome after replication.

Question 21

Mitosis

Answer 21

Cell division producing identical daughter cells.

Question 22

Phases of Mitosis

Answer 22

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT).

Question 23

Meiosis

Answer 23

Cell division producing genetically diverse gametes.

Question 24

Crossing Over

Answer 24

Exchange of DNA segments between homologous chromosomes.

Question 25

Recombinant DNA

Answer 25

DNA formed by combining DNA from different sources.

Question 26

Mutations

Answer 26

Changes in DNA sequence affecting protein synthesis.

Question 27

Carcinogen

Answer 27

Agent causing mutations leading to cancer.

Question 28

Genetic Engineering

Answer 28

Manipulation of an organism's DNA.

Question 29

DNA Profiling

Answer 29

Technique for identifying individuals based on DNA.

Question 30

Short Tandem Repeats

Answer 30

Repetitive DNA sequences used in profiling.