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Msa Lecture 2 > Overall Spine Review > Flashcards

Overall Spine Review Flashcards

1
Q

What types of ribs are 11,12

A

Vertebral

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2
Q

Which rib is atypical 2, 3, 9 , 8

A

2

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3
Q

What is the insertion of splenius cervicis

A

Sp C6-C4

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4
Q

Rib 8 articulates with which vertebrae at Costo vertebral joint?

A

Bodies T7, T8

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5
Q

Superior vertebral notch and the inferior notch together form?

A

Intervertebral foramen

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6
Q

Which vertebra does not have a body

A

C1

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7
Q

T9 is an atypical vertebra?

A

True

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8
Q

Which nerve root is located between T1 and T2 vertebra?

A

T1

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9
Q

All 4 suboccipital muscles have an attachment to the occipital?

A

False. obliquus capitis inferior does not attach to the head

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10
Q

When working unilaterally, mutifidus does what to the spine?

A

Contralateral rotation

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11
Q

The inferior oblique capitus extends the head?

A

False?

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12
Q

The ocular motor nerve innervates the levator palpebrae superior is?

A

True

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13
Q

Out of 8 hyoid bone, how many attach to the hyoid?

A

7

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14
Q

Is rib 7 a true rib?

A

Yes

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15
Q

The 1st sternecostal joint is considered a ?

A

Cartilaginous, synchondrosis, Synarthrosis

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16
Q

T12 nerve root travels between t12 and l1 vertebrae? True or false?

A

True

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17
Q

Which transverseospinalis muscle has a capitis

A

SEMISPINALIS

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18
Q

How many total vertebrae?

A

26

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19
Q

How many true vertebrae?

A

24 true vertebrae (+sacrum and coccyx)
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
2 false vertebra

1 sacrum
1 coccyx

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20
Q

Functions of the spine?

A

Protection
STABALIZATION
Support and weight bearing
Motion
Resiliency- shock absorption

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21
Q

3 types of curves

A

Lordosis
Kyphosis
Scoliosis

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22
Q

Definition of scoliosis

A

Lateral deviation of the spine

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23
Q

Cervical vertebral bodies

A

Equal height anterior to posterior

24
Q

Thoracic vertebral bodies

A

Thicker posteriorly than anteriorly

25
Q

Lumbar vertebral bodies-

A

Heights vary
L1- higher posteriorly
L2- heights are equal
L3 to l5- higher anteriorily

26
Q

Spinal intervertebral discs

A

Cervical discs- thicker anteriorily
Thoracic discs- equal thickness
Lumbar disks- thicker anteriorily

27
Q

Intervertebral disc- is made out of an out fibrous ring called the ….what is it called and what is it?

A

Annulus fibrosis is layers of fibrocartige made of collagen that strengthen and redistribute forces along the disc

28
Q

The nucleus purposes contains.,…..

A

contains loose fibers in a much protein and acts as a shock absorber for the entire body

29
Q

Lifting numbers- the disc at L3 with various activities

A

Highest load- lifting wrong, forwards bending

Lowest load- lying

30
Q

Facet joint type

A

Synovial, plane, diarthosis, uniaxial

31
Q

Intervertebral joints- what kind?

A

Cartilaginous, symphysis, Amphiarthosis, triaxial

32
Q

Spine- what tissue feel

A

All have tissue stretch end feel

33
Q

Spine- the adult spinal cords ends at the vertebral level….

A

L1/L2- separating out the nerves- become the cauda equina for horses tail

34
Q

What is in layer 5 back muscle group

A

Erector spinae- iliocostalis
Longissimus
SPINALIS

35
Q

What muscle movement does interspinalis do?

A

Extension

36
Q

What is the origin and insertion for ILIOCOSTALIS cervicis

A

O- angle of rib 3-6
I- posterior tubercles of TVP processes of c4-c6

37
Q

SEMISPINALIS cervicis o’s and i’s

A

O- transverse processes of T1-T5-6
I- spinous process of C2-C5

38
Q

Diaphragm what are origins?

A

O-sternum- two slips from the dorsal of diploid process
O- costal part- inner surface of lower six coastal cartilage and the lower six ribs on either side
O- lumber part- bodies of upper lumbar vertebrae, medial and lateral accurate ligaments (crus) span from vertebrae to transverse processes to the 12th rib

39
Q

What are the diaphragm insertion?

A

Into the central tendon (aponeurosis)

40
Q

CERVICAL BONES - 7 Cervical Vertebrae in total
3 atypical
4 typical

A

3 Atypical 4 Typical
C1 = ATLAS C3, C4, C5, C6
C2 = AXIS
C7 = Transitional vertebrae

41
Q

C1 - The Atlas
Divided into three sections

A

Anterior Arch
Lateral Mass
Posterior Arch

42
Q

Five types of joints in the Cervical Spine:

A
  1. Atlanto-occipital Joints (between occiput and C1)
  2. Medial Atlanto-axial Joints (between C1 and C2)
  3. Lateral Atlanto-axial Joints (between C1 and C2) summary of all special ligaments for above
  4. Facet/Zygapophyseal/Apophyseal Joints (C2-C7) 5. 5. Intervertebral Joints (C2-C7)
43
Q

Atlanto-occipital Joint

Type of Joint:

A

Type of Joint: synovial, condyloid (ellipsoid), diarthrosis, biaxial

44
Q

Medial Atlanto-Axial Joint

Type of Joint:

A

Type of Joint: synovial, pivot/trochoid, diarthrosis, uniaxial

45
Q

Lateral Atlanto-Axial Joints
Inferior facets of C1 articulate with the Superior facets of C2 Type of Joint:

A

synovial, plane (gliding), diarthrosis, uniaxial

46
Q

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
covers the anterior aspect of the vertebral body and the intervertebral discs, very strong, prevents hyperextension.

47
Q

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
covers the posterior aspect of the vertebral body and the intervertebral discs, weaker than the anterior longitudinal ligament, prevents hyperflexion.
starts at C3
at C2 and superiorly this ligament is called the tectorial membrane

48
Q

Facet/Zygapophyseal/Apophyseal Joints

A

Facet/Zygapophyseal/Apophyseal Joints
The inferior facets of the vertebra above articulate with the superior facets of the vertebra below.
Type of Joint: synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial
Articular Surfaces: inferior condylar facet of superior vertebra, superior condylar facet of inferior vertebra
Accessory Ligaments: articular capsule, supraspinous, interspinous, ligamentum nuchae/nuchal ligament, ligamentum flavum, intertransverse
Movement: gliding, flexion, extension coupled with slight lateral flexion & rotation

49
Q

Intervertebral Joints

A

Intervertebral Joints
The cervical intervertebral joints consist of an intervertebral disc lying in between two adjacent vertebra. All three form a fibrocartilaginous joint that allows slight movement.

Type of Joint: cartilaginous, symphysis, amphiarthrosis, triaxial
Articular Surfaces: inferior body of superior vertebra, superior body of inferior vertebra, intervertebral disc (containing annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus)
Accessory Ligaments: anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal
Movement: flexion and extension, lateral flexion and some rotation

50
Q

Cervical Spine Range of Motion
Active Range of Motion

A

C0-C1

Flexion 5

Extension 10

Lateral flexion 5

Rotation -

51
Q

C-spine- ROM active

A

C1-C2

Flexion 5
Extension 10
Lateral flexion -
Rotation 40-45

52
Q

C-spine active ROM

A

C2-C7

Flexion 35
Extension 70
Lateral flexion 35
Rotation 45

53
Q

Cervical Spine Arthrokinematics
Normal End Feels:
Cervical spine:

A

Cervical Spine Arthrokinematics
Normal End Feels:

Cervical spine:
all range of motions have a tissue stretch end feel

54
Q

COUPLED
MOTIONS

A

Coupled motions: motions that always occur together
In the entire spine rotation and lateral flexion are always occurring together except at C1/C2. This is due to the shape and orientation of the bones and joints.

C2 through to T5 - lateral flexion is always accompanied by rotation on the ipsilateral side (same).

T6 through to L5 - lateral flexion is always accompanied by rotation on the contralateral side (opposite).

55
Q

Paraspinal Muscles
Transversospinals Group

A

semispinalis
semispinalis capitis
semispinalis cervicis
multifidus
multifidus cervicis
rotatores
rotatores cervicis longus
rotatores cervicis brevis

Msa Lecture 2 (3 decks)

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