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Msa Lecture 2 > Overall Spine Review > Flashcards

Overall Spine Review Flashcards

1
Q

What types of ribs are 11,12

A

Vertebral

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2
Q

Which rib is atypical 2, 3, 9 , 8

A

2

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3
Q

What is the insertion of splenius cervicis

A

Sp C6-C4

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4
Q

Rib 8 articulates with which vertebrae at Costo vertebral joint?

A

Bodies T7, T8

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5
Q

Superior vertebral notch and the inferior notch together form?

A

Intervertebral foramen

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6
Q

Which vertebra does not have a body

A

C1

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7
Q

T9 is an atypical vertebra?

A

True

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8
Q

Which nerve root is located between T1 and T2 vertebra?

A

T1

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9
Q

All 4 suboccipital muscles have an attachment to the occipital?

A

False. obliquus capitis inferior does not attach to the head

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10
Q

When working unilaterally, mutifidus does what to the spine?

A

Contralateral rotation

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11
Q

The inferior oblique capitus extends the head?

A

False?

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12
Q

The ocular motor nerve innervates the levator palpebrae superior is?

A

True

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13
Q

Out of 8 hyoid bone, how many attach to the hyoid?

A

7

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14
Q

Is rib 7 a true rib?

A

Yes

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15
Q

The 1st sternecostal joint is considered a ?

A

Cartilaginous, synchondrosis, Synarthrosis

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16
Q

T12 nerve root travels between t12 and l1 vertebrae? True or false?

A

True

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17
Q

Which transverseospinalis muscle has a capitis

A

SEMISPINALIS

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18
Q

How many total vertebrae?

A

26

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19
Q

How many true vertebrae?

A

24 true vertebrae (+sacrum and coccyx)
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
2 false vertebra

1 sacrum
1 coccyx

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20
Q

Functions of the spine?

A

Protection
STABALIZATION
Support and weight bearing
Motion
Resiliency- shock absorption

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21
Q

3 types of curves

A

Lordosis
Kyphosis
Scoliosis

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22
Q

Definition of scoliosis

A

Lateral deviation of the spine

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23
Q

Cervical vertebral bodies

A

Equal height anterior to posterior

24
Q

Thoracic vertebral bodies

A

Thicker posteriorly than anteriorly

25
Lumbar vertebral bodies-
Heights vary L1- higher posteriorly L2- heights are equal L3 to l5- higher anteriorily
26
Spinal intervertebral discs
Cervical discs- thicker anteriorily Thoracic discs- equal thickness Lumbar disks- thicker anteriorily
27
Intervertebral disc- is made out of an out fibrous ring called the ….what is it called and what is it?
Annulus fibrosis is layers of fibrocartige made of collagen that strengthen and redistribute forces along the disc
28
The nucleus purposes contains.,…..
contains loose fibers in a much protein and acts as a shock absorber for the entire body
29
Lifting numbers- the disc at L3 with various activities
Highest load- lifting wrong, forwards bending Lowest load- lying
30
Facet joint type
Synovial, plane, diarthosis, uniaxial
31
Intervertebral joints- what kind?
Cartilaginous, symphysis, Amphiarthosis, triaxial
32
Spine- what tissue feel
All have tissue stretch end feel
33
Spine- the adult spinal cords ends at the vertebral level….
L1/L2- separating out the nerves- become the cauda equina for horses tail
34
What is in layer 5 back muscle group
Erector spinae- iliocostalis Longissimus SPINALIS
35
What muscle movement does interspinalis do?
Extension
36
What is the origin and insertion for ILIOCOSTALIS cervicis
O- angle of rib 3-6 I- posterior tubercles of TVP processes of c4-c6
37
SEMISPINALIS cervicis o’s and i’s
O- transverse processes of T1-T5-6 I- spinous process of C2-C5
38
Diaphragm what are origins?
O-sternum- two slips from the dorsal of diploid process O- costal part- inner surface of lower six coastal cartilage and the lower six ribs on either side O- lumber part- bodies of upper lumbar vertebrae, medial and lateral accurate ligaments (crus) span from vertebrae to transverse processes to the 12th rib
39
What are the diaphragm insertion?
Into the central tendon (aponeurosis)
40
CERVICAL BONES - 7 Cervical Vertebrae in total 3 atypical 4 typical
3 Atypical 4 Typical C1 = ATLAS C3, C4, C5, C6 C2 = AXIS C7 = Transitional vertebrae
41
C1 - The Atlas Divided into three sections
Anterior Arch Lateral Mass Posterior Arch
42
Five types of joints in the Cervical Spine:
1. Atlanto-occipital Joints (between occiput and C1) 2. Medial Atlanto-axial Joints (between C1 and C2) 3. Lateral Atlanto-axial Joints (between C1 and C2) summary of all special ligaments for above 4. Facet/Zygapophyseal/Apophyseal Joints (C2-C7) 5. 5. Intervertebral Joints (C2-C7)
43
Atlanto-occipital Joint Type of Joint:
Type of Joint: synovial, condyloid (ellipsoid), diarthrosis, biaxial
44
Medial Atlanto-Axial Joint Type of Joint:
Type of Joint: synovial, pivot/trochoid, diarthrosis, uniaxial
45
Lateral Atlanto-Axial Joints Inferior facets of C1 articulate with the Superior facets of C2 Type of Joint:
synovial, plane (gliding), diarthrosis, uniaxial
46
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament covers the anterior aspect of the vertebral body and the intervertebral discs, very strong, prevents hyperextension.
47
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament covers the posterior aspect of the vertebral body and the intervertebral discs, weaker than the anterior longitudinal ligament, prevents hyperflexion. starts at C3 at C2 and superiorly this ligament is called the tectorial membrane
48
Facet/Zygapophyseal/Apophyseal Joints
Facet/Zygapophyseal/Apophyseal Joints The inferior facets of the vertebra above articulate with the superior facets of the vertebra below. Type of Joint: synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial Articular Surfaces: inferior condylar facet of superior vertebra, superior condylar facet of inferior vertebra Accessory Ligaments: articular capsule, supraspinous, interspinous, ligamentum nuchae/nuchal ligament, ligamentum flavum, intertransverse Movement: gliding, flexion, extension coupled with slight lateral flexion & rotation
49
Intervertebral Joints
Intervertebral Joints The cervical intervertebral joints consist of an intervertebral disc lying in between two adjacent vertebra. All three form a fibrocartilaginous joint that allows slight movement. Type of Joint: cartilaginous, symphysis, amphiarthrosis, triaxial Articular Surfaces: inferior body of superior vertebra, superior body of inferior vertebra, intervertebral disc (containing annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus) Accessory Ligaments: anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal Movement: flexion and extension, lateral flexion and some rotation
50
Cervical Spine Range of Motion Active Range of Motion
C0-C1 Flexion 5 Extension 10 Lateral flexion 5 Rotation -
51
C-spine- ROM active
C1-C2 Flexion 5 Extension 10 Lateral flexion - Rotation 40-45
52
C-spine active ROM
C2-C7 Flexion 35 Extension 70 Lateral flexion 35 Rotation 45
53
Cervical Spine Arthrokinematics Normal End Feels: Cervical spine:
Cervical Spine Arthrokinematics Normal End Feels: Cervical spine: all range of motions have a tissue stretch end feel
54
COUPLED MOTIONS
Coupled motions: motions that always occur together In the entire spine rotation and lateral flexion are always occurring together except at C1/C2. This is due to the shape and orientation of the bones and joints. C2 through to T5 - lateral flexion is always accompanied by rotation on the ipsilateral side (same). T6 through to L5 - lateral flexion is always accompanied by rotation on the contralateral side (opposite).
55
Paraspinal Muscles Transversospinals Group
semispinalis semispinalis capitis semispinalis cervicis multifidus multifidus cervicis rotatores rotatores cervicis longus rotatores cervicis brevis

Msa Lecture 2 (3 decks)

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