Overall science study Flashcards
Atom
Basic units of matter
Element
A substance that cannot be broken down into another substance
Proton
A subatomic particle with a positive electric charge. In the nucleus
Protons mass
1u
Neutron
A subatomic particle with no charge. In the nucleus
Neutrons mass
1u
Electron
A subatomic particle with a negative charge. Orbits around nucleus
Atomic number
How many protons are in the nucleus of an atom
Electrons mass
0.0005u
Mass number
neutrons + protons
Atomic mass
The total mass of particles of matter in an atom
Electron shell
Regions surrounding the atomic nucleus containing a specific number of electrons.
Periods
The horizontal row on the periodic table, there are 7 = same number of energy shells
Groups/family
The vertical columns on the periodic table. Group number = number of valence electrons
Which family of elements do we skip when labelling the groups of the periodic table?
Transition metals
Number of PROTONS
= ATOMIC NUMBER
Number of ELECTRONS
= ATOMIC NUMBER
Number of NEUTRONS
= ATOMIC MASS - ATOMIC NUMBER
Atomic Mass
Protons + Neutrons
Properties of metal
Lustrous, good conductors of heat and electricity, ductile and malleable
Properties of nonmetals
Brittle, dull and non-lustrous
Properties of metalloids
Britlle, solid, ductile, malleable
Where are noble gases
Group 8/18 on the table, all have full valence shells
Describe how subduction zones form
form when one tectonic plate is forced beneath another at a convergent boundary
Families in the periodic table
- Alkali metals
- Alkaline earth metals
- Lanthanides
- Actinides
- Transition metals
- Unknown properties
- Post-transition metals
- Metalloids
- Other nonmetals
- Halogens
- Noble gases
Mnemonic to remember families
Aunt Anna Loves Apple Trees Uncle Peter Makes Orange Hugs Noble
From left to right across the periodic table atomic size…
decreases
From up to down on the periodic table atomic size…
increases
