Overall Knowledge Flashcards
How to find the density of an object
1) measure mass with balance
2) fill a eureka can to spout
3) place object in can and measure ‘volume of water displaced = volume of object’
4) IRREGULAR = density = mass/volume
5) REGUALR = measure length, height x width x length
How to find density of a liquid?
1) place water in measuring cylinder
2) put beaker on scale
3) set scale to zero
4) pour water in
Describe solids characteristics
1) fixed arrangements
2) all particles touch
3) vibrate in position
4) strong intermolecular forces
Describe liquid’s characteristics
Random structure, all particles touch, particles can move, weak intermolecular forces
Describe gas characteristics
Random structure, not touching, can move, very weak intermolecular forces
Which state of matter is the most difficult to compress?
Solids - already compact not a lot of room to be squished into
What is internal energy?
The sum of all the objects kinetic energy and potential energies of the particles.
Specific latent heat of fusion/vaporization
Fusion= 1kg of solid to liquid with no temp change
Vaporization = 1kg of liquid to gas with no temp change
Difference between compound and mixture
Compound = chemically joined
Mixture = non chemically joined
Difference between soluble and insoluble
Soluble = can dissolve in water
Insoluble = cannot dissolve in water
Specific heat capacity
SHC = how much energy needed to raise 1kg of a material by 1 degrees Celsius
Why does a balloon inflate?
Air particles move more quickly and therefore hit the balloons walls cause it to stretch out and expand its surface area.
What are the 8 energy stores?
1) gravitational potential
2) nuclear
3) magnetic
4) kinetic
5) elastic
6) electrostatic
7) thermal
8) chemical
What are the 4 pathways?
1) mechanical
2) radiation
3) heating
4) electrical
What is the GFS of the Earth?
9.81 N/kg
What is T ( Tera)
10 to the power of 12
G (giga) ?
10 to the power of 9
Mega?
10 to the power of 6
Kilo?
10 to the power of 3
m (milli)?
10 to the power of -3
Micro (weird y)?
10 to the power of -6
Nano?
10 to the power of -9
Pico?
10 to the power of -12
What is the independent factor?
What changes in the experiment
What is the defendant factor?
The factor that is measured in the experiment
How does double paned windows work?
Two sheets of glass with air is a better conductor than a single pane of glass and air is a poor conductor so energy moves very slowly across the gap.
What is ‘payback time’?
How many years it takes to save the total cost in the money saved per year
Definition of power?
The rate of transfer of energy or rate of doing work
What is dissipation?
Spreading out of particles
Resolution def
The smallest change a measuring instrument can detect
What metal is usually used as a filament?
Tungsten because it has a very high melting point so can conduct well
Why does a metal wire have resistance?
Electrons in the wire collide with the metal atoms creating resistance for the electrons to travel through to the positively charged end of the wire as opposites attract
If an extra route is added in a circuit what occurs?
Resistance decreases because it is easier for the electrons to pass through because they can move at a faster rate.
