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Intro To A,S,P Gr11 > Overall > Flashcards

Overall Flashcards

1
Q

Define anthropology

A

The study of the lives and culture of human beings, alive or dead.

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2
Q

Define psychology

A

The study of behaviour and mental processes

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3
Q

Define sociology

A

The systematic study of social life, groups and activities

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4
Q

What does the anthropology chart look like

A 
Anthropology 
Physical.                      
-biological                       
anthropology                  
-primatology.                 
-forensic 
Anthropology

Socio-cultural
archeology
linguistic
Ethnology

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5
Q

What should you research for physical anthropology (6)

A
  • disease and illness
  • primate and evolutionary change
  • DNA analysis
  • teeth+bone studies
  • skill size+shape
  • police investigations
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6
Q

What should you research for socio-cultural anthropology (3)

A
  • language geography and transition
  • pottery, boats, home digs
  • food origins and transport
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7
Q

Define culture

A

The abilities, ideas, and behaviours people have acquired to become members of society. (161 definitions)

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8
Q

What are the 5 big personality traits

A
  1. Neuroticism (neurons)
  2. Extra version
  3. Agreeableness
  4. Conscientiousness
  5. Openness to experience
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9
Q

What does the high and low score of neuroticism mean for personality traits

A

Means like how emotionally reactive

High: insecure, v emotional, low stress tolerance, easily discouraged

Low: less emotionally reactive, less easily upset, more emotionally stable

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10
Q

What does the high and low scores of extraversion mean for a personality

A

How sociable you are

High: sociable, assertive, friendly, talkative, fun-loving and full of energy.

Low: reserved, shy, low-key, lovers of solitude and not seek social interactions as much.

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11
Q

What does the high and low scores for agreeableness mean for personality’s

A

Basically how nice/kind or rude to others you are

High: considerate. Altruistic, generous, trusting, courteous and sympathetic.

Low: critical of others, harsh, callous and untrusting of human nature.

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12
Q

What does high and low scores mean for conscientiousness for personality’s

A

How self aware or planned you are

High: dependable, organized, self disciplined.

Low: unreliable, negligent, spontaneous, careless and unstructured.

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13
Q

What does high and low scores mean for openness to experience for personality’s

A

How spontaneous your are or go by routine and safe

High: adventurous, curious, complex, intellectual, prefers variety, creative and imaginative.

Low scores: conventional, uncreative , play-it-safe, loves routine and down-to-earth types.

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14
Q

What word can help remember the big 5 personality traits

A

Ocean

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15
Q

What are the 7 psychology sub fields

A
  • biological
  • psychoanalytic
  • behavioural
  • cognitive
  • humanistic
  • evolutionary
  • social cultural
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16
Q

Define biological psychology

A

Biological psychology is a field in which the mind-body connection is explored through scientific research and clinical practice.

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17
Q

Define psychoanalytic

A

The method of psychological therapy originated by Sigmund Freud in which free association, dream interpretation, and analysis of resistance and transference are used to explore repressed or unconscious impulses, anxieties, and internal conflicts, in order to free psychic energy for mature love and work.

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18
Q

Define Behavioural psychology

A

Behavioural psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study and alteration of people’s behaviours, including their actions, emotions, and thoughts.

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19
Q

Define cognitive psychology

A

Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as “attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity and thinking.”

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20
Q

Define humanistic psychology

A

Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that emphasizes the study of the whole person. Humanistic psychologists look at human behaviour not only through the eyes of the observer, but through the eyes of the person doing the behaving.

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21
Q

Define evolutionary psychology

A

Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach to psychology that attempts to explain useful mental and psychological traits-such as memory, perception, or language as adaptions.

I.e- as the functional products of natural selection

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22
Q

Define socio cultural psychology

A

Social psychology is the scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of others.

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23
Q

What are the 2 main factors civilizations developed

A
  • geographic opportunity

- cultural openess to change

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24
Q

What is Heradutos

A

450 BC wandered through the Mediterranean Sea and Asia. Strabo (83 BC) followed Herodotus legacy and journeys to write 17 books on culture and society.

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25
Q

All humans were hunters and gatherers until when

A

7000 BC

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26
Q

What was Morgan’s theory of civilization

A

A) savagery
B) barbarianism
C) civilization

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27
Q

What was Boas theory of civilization

A

To analyze each culture and civilization based on its own standards, levels of development and opportunities.

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28
Q

What was diamond theory of civilization

A

The path of cultural spread occurs largely from economics.

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29
Q

What is conditioning

A

A type of learning in which a person responds to a stimulus that doesn’t normally bring about that response

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30
Q

What are the Pavlov experiments

A

A bell was use at the same time food was made available. The dog becomes conditioned to respond to the sound. It learns that the bell means food.

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31
Q

What was the outcome understanding of the Pablo experiments

A

A stimulus of any kind can be used to manage or make behaviours that are desired.

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32
Q

What is the bystander effect

A

This refers to people’s willingness to help strangers. The larger the crowd the less willing people are to assist.

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33
Q

The ______ life is not worth living

Who said this

What does it mean

A

The unexamined life is not worth living

The Socrates said this

Each of us needs to take the time to know who we are , the people around us, and the society we live in

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34
Q

What is the only one corner of the universe you can be certain of improving and moral of story

A

Yourself

Focus your energies on being the best you. Listen to others.

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35
Q

How many identified personality traits are there and moral of story

A

4000

It’s good for self reflection

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36
Q

What percent of Canadians will experience a depressive episode in their lifetime

Moral

A

20

The emotions or anxiety and depression are normal, continuous happy marketing can make people feel abnormal

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37
Q

What percent of homeless people in Canada have mental illness

Moral

A

80

Schizophrenia is the #1 illness experienced

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38
Q

What is the ratio of rates of depression between males and females

Moral

A

1:2

Self diagnosis is unwise , but self awareness , networking and a healthy lifestyle are

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39
Q

How much do people in our course areas earn

A

30 000 to 300 000

Large demand and high pay for psychiatrists

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40
Q

What percent of human DNA is identical

Moral

A

98

All the major body systems operate on the same conditions and components

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41
Q

What is a version of body dysmorphia disorder that has been coined

Moral

A

Snap chat dysmorphia

Editing features change appearance so medical community is noticing more plastic surgeries

42
Q

How do u establish and maintain relationships

A

Ask and use their names

43
Q

What percent of American will experience pings of loneliness

Moral

A

40

Lonliness is subjective to individuals.

44
Q

When do women and men reach their athletic peak

A

Men 28

Women 24

45
Q

What are the worlds two largest religions

Are they expanding or decreasing

A

Christianity (expanding ) and Islam (decreasing)

46
Q

What are the pharmaceutical industry’s two key objectives

Moral

A
  1. Profitability
  2. Quality of life (cure?)

A continuous revenue stream is better than a complete eradication of the illness. “Addiction is better”

47
Q

What percent of homocides are committed by people known to the victim

Moral

A

80%

90% of the perpetrators are male. Mismanaged relationships are the primary cause

48
Q

The dropout rate, drug and alcohol abuse, declining university admission rate are particular acute among who

Moral of story

A

Among males

Few supports or even conversations occur to address this

49
Q

What can be used to test for chromosome disorders

Moral of story

A

Genetic engineering

Decisions previously unavailable to make will be widespread. Possible programming / plan to create the child you want isn’t fiction

50
Q

Automobiles may be considered what because they can all travel at least 50% faster than any speed limit

Moral of story

A

Unethical

This is a great period of history but work still needs to be done

51
Q

A civil lawsuit has been filed in Quebec voting addiction for children related to fortnite

Moral of story

A

The lawsuit claims that dopamine levels in the brain matched these experienced by drug addicts

52
Q

Change (society) tends to be slow (generally) because most people are followers and few leaders

Moral of story

A

Change comes with a price, relationships suffer, financial loss (job) , social status

53
Q

Canada is the only western country to have legislation based on what race

Moral

A

Indian act

This sets out some of the conditions for the treatments of Canada’s indigenous peoples -reserves oh

54
Q

What percent of women in the workforce will develop a disability

Moral

A

25

Most of these are considered preventable. Office work is considered the cancer

55
Q

Canada is considering legislative changed for those suffering terminal illness with no hopes of recovery. What’s this called

Moral

A

Assisted death

Canadians are going to Europe for this . Many for and againsts

For-
Humane end, dignity

Against -
Cost, conscious decision, will to live

56
Q

What does the cognitive process do

A

This procedure of decision making separates humans from other mammals. Our abilities to do this, and maintain memories has allowed for this technological advancement

57
Q

What are the 7 steps for cognitive process

A
  1. Encounter a problem
  2. Encode + store info
  3. Infer relationships
  4. Map info
  5. Apply possible responses
  6. Does the answer work
    If yes respond
    I’d no apply possible responses
58
Q

What’s a research method of the past that is frowned upon

A

Animal testing

59
Q

Who made seductive reasoning

A

Aristole

60
Q

Who made inductive reasoning

A

Bacon

61
Q

What is empiricism

A

The more data, the greater the probability of the conclusion being true

62
Q

what is deductive reasoning

A

Premises lead to a certain conclusion

63
Q

What is inductive reasoning

A

Conclusions are drawn from several observations

64
Q

What are the differing goals between dedective and inductive reasoning

A

Deductive- certainty

Inductive- probability

65
Q

What are the 3 crucial components of culture

A

Symbols ( items that represent an idea, quality or condition)

Values (standards of what is acceptable morally)

Norms (rules of what people should do or act)

66
Q

What are the 7 areas of intelligence

A

Kinaesthetic

Linguistic

Interpersonal

Musical

Naturalistic

Intrapersonal

Spatial

67
Q

What are the 3 keys needed for theoretical support

A

Evidence- specific data, stats and observations made

Arguments- provide the reasons to support a theory. Explanations to prove a theory to be true

Inferences- conclusions drawn from evidence for final proof. Assumptions , hypothesis. Deductions suggest that a theory can be accepted

68
Q

What is hypothalamus

A

Responsible for regulating basic biological needs like hunger, thirst, temperature control

69
Q

What is reticular formation

A

A network of neutrons related to sleep, arousal, and attention

70
Q

What is the spinal cord

A

Responsible for communication between brain and rest of body, involved with simple reflexes

71
Q

What is corpus callosum

A

Bridge of fibres passing info between the two cerebral hemispheres

72
Q

What is the thalamus

A

Relay centre for cortex, handles incoming and outgoing signal

73
Q

What is the pituitary gland

A

Master gland that regulates other endocrine glands

74
Q

What are pons

A

Involved in sleep and arousal

75
Q

What is medulla

A

Responsible for regulating largely unconscious functions such as breathing and circulation

76
Q

What is language (brain )

A

Brocas region is a specific brain area dedicated to language

77
Q

What is body language

A

Has some cultural roots and universal expressions. Involves, face, hands, feet and body orientation

78
Q

What is tone and vocal characteristics

A

These are choices (tone), vocal requires alteration is you want to project a different image

79
Q

What is interaction distance

A

The choice of distance is indicative of your relationship, comfort level, and circumstance. Boundary knowledge is important

80
Q

What is clothing / makeup

A

The most direst communication to the public you can give. Interpretation can be linked to socioeconomic status and peer groups

81
Q

What are a few things D. tannen has observed studying communication

A

Men tend to be direct with criticism Which women take too personally and causes frustration

Women avoid direct confrontation

82
Q

What are the five steps to make a decision

A

1) define the problem and state it clearly
2) list the alternative solutions
3) eliminate the final choice to 3-5 possibilities
4) decide on the criteria you can evaluate and judge
5) create a matrix of possiblity

83
Q

What is moral development according to Kohlberg

A

1) decision about right/wrong are related to reward and punishment
2) desire to please others
3) belief in morality because it’s the right thing to do

84
Q

What is moral development for women according to Gilligan

A

1) focus on survival: what is best for?
2) focus on goodness and self sacrifice: Am I willing to help others if it impacts me?
3) morality of non-violence: choose to hurt others or self

85
Q

What are the five points to qualify for play

A
  1. Must be for no reason
  2. repeated behaviour
  3. Exaggeration
  4. Spontaneous
    5.
86
Q

What part of the brain is under developed without play

A

Prefrontal cortex

87
Q

What type of questions does an anthropologist (police) ask?

A

These scientists will focus on teen culture, the culture of dances in a broad sense ( for the missing girl from dance example) so basically study’s the trends of event or place and people who typically go

88
Q

What type of questions does a sociologist (police) ask?

A

What are the social conditions of the victim? ( school conditions, family, economics)

89
Q

What type of questions does a psychologist (police) ask?

A

These are questions about the individual. Ex. Physical description, relationships, etc.

90
Q

What is a role in group dynamics?

A

Primary and secondary groups develop expectations for each member. The degree of responsibility and influence varies.

91
Q

What is the norms in group dynamics ?

A

The guidelines of behaviour for what is acceptable. The standards vary for each type of group. The same behaviour in a different group. The same behaviour in a different group may be Totally unacceptable.

92
Q

What are sanctions in group dynamics

A

The punishments and rewards given to individuals ensure the guidelines are followed. The sanctions can be formal and informal.

93
Q

What is learning vs obedience

A

Group members of ten disguise the “learning” with obedience. They may follow a behaviour to remain in a group, but will not change behaviour.

94
Q

What are the factors affecting conformity ? (4) and why?

A

Group attractiveness ( status,publicity and image are important to people. The more elevated the higher the conformity climbing to better groups is sought)

Group unamity ( The more aligned you are with the values and beliefs, the more you will conform.)

Public vs private response ( the status impacts wether people will comment or speak for themselves. Be mindful of constant conversations)

Nature or the task or activity ( the task that has meaning will also have conformity. If talk improves group status the conformity increases

95
Q

What are some tips for professional written/digital communication (emails)

A

Avoid: jokes and sarcasm (rude, judgmental), exclamation points, personal matters, emailing angrily, slang, emojis, the essay

Do: professional and short greetings, include a subject line, timely fashion, clarify context, subject and message should match, maintain privacy, send off with name

96
Q

What are the top ten stressors you will face

A
  • the death of a loved one
  • divorce
  • loss of a job
  • increase in financial obligations
  • taking care of elderly or sick family
  • traumatic event for you or a loved one
  • work (new)
  • kids (birth)
  • getting married
  • moving to new home
  • chronic illness or injury
  • emotional problems
  • school
97
Q

How can you train to be proactive?

A
  • setting goals: find responsible expectations
  • find a “for fee” financial advisor (return to business)
  • annual doctor check up
  • marriage prep courses
  • birth and child clinics
  • will: know your parents plan
98
Q

What is a group?

A
  • need and interact regularly and influence eachother
  • they believe they have something in common
  • they have a formal or informal structure with leaders and followers
  • they have a group consensus of values, behaviours and goals
99
Q

What is the anthropology view of groups? Why did they group?

A

For defence, warnings and fighting; scare food procurement

100
Q

What are the two types of groups?

A

Primary and secondary

101
Q

What is a primary group?

A

A linked to time and relationship strength, (family), (nuclear family, extended family, neighbor hood friends)

102
Q

What is a secondary group?

A

They tend to be based on interests, communication Ed, activities. Goals are more important than personal connection.

Intro To A,S,P Gr11 (3 decks)

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