Ovarian tumours Flashcards
MC ovarian tumor to undergo torsion in pregnancy
Dermoid cyst
MC ovarian tumour in pregnancy
Dermoid cyst/ mature cystic teratoma
MC ovarian cancer in pregnancy
Dysgerminoma
% of ovarian tumors undergoing malignant transformation in post menopause
30
MC benign ovarian tumor in reproductive age group
Dermoid cyst
Endometriosis can lead to which two types of ovarian cancers
Endometroid
Clear cell
Best time for removal of a benign ovarian cyst in pregnancy
Second trimester
Most common ovarian tumor
Epithelial
Most common type of epithelial ovarian tumors
Serous
Most important carcinogen for ovarian tumor
Asbestos
Most important protective factor for ovarian cancers
OCPs
Most common ovarian tumor overall
Serous cystadenoma
Most common mutation associated with ovarian cancer
BRCA1
% of hereditary ovarian cancers
10%
Most common cancer associated with lynch syndrome
Colorectal
Lynch syndrome is associated with which all cancers
Colorectal > endometrial > ovarian
Genes in lynch syndrome associated with ovarian cancers
MLH 1
MSH 2
Familial ovarian cancer peak age
50 years as compared to sporadic - 60 years
Mutations associated with ovarian cancers
BRCA 1 40%
Lynch syndrome 20%
BRCA 2 15%
Prophylactic TAH + BSO should be done until what age if a first degree relative died of familial ovarian cancer
TAH + BSO is only done if the patient herself has a BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 or a lynch mutation
It is not associated with a first degree relative.
Annual screening is the next best step in this case
Ovarian cancer screening
TVS + Ca 125 annually only in familial heriditary cancer
Not done routinely
Mutations associated with serous and mucinous ovarian cancers
BRCA1 BRCA2 p53
KRAS
Marker for serous ovarian cancer
Ca 125
Marker for mucinous ovarian cancer
CEA
CA 19 9
Most common cause of pseudomyxoma peritonii
Ca appendix
Other causes - mucoceole of appendix
Mucinous cystadenoma
Epithelial resemblance of serous and mucinous ovarian tumors
Serous - lining resembles the fallopian tube
Mucinous - lining resembles the endo cervix
HPE in serous cystadenoma
Pssamoma bodies
State whether unilateral or bilateral
Dermoid cyst
Dysgerminoma
Serous epithelial tumors
Mucinous epithelial tumors
Brenners
Germ cell tumors in general
Epithelial tumors in general
Yolk sac tumor
Dermoid cyst - u/l, b/l in 10%
Dysgerminoma - u/l, b/l in 20%
Serous epithelial tumors - b/l
Mucinous epithelial tumors - u/l
Brenners 100% u/l
Germ cell tumors in general - u/l
Epithelial tumors in general - b/l
Yolk sac tumor 100% u/l
