Ovarian Tumors of Non-Epithelial Origin and other Disorders

Question 1

Histiogenesis of Germ Cell tumors

Answer 1

Question 2

Dysgerminoma

Age?

Male Equivalent?

Answer 2

Young women and girls

Male equivalent is seminoma

Question 3

Pathogenesis of Dysgerminoma

Answer 3

c-kit upregulated (diagnostic and theraputic target)

Transcription factors oct3,4, and Nanog maintain pleuripotency

Good prognosis

Question 4

Gross Appearance of Dysgerminoma

Answer 4

Question 5

Dysgerminoma Histopathology

Answer 5

Question 6

Yolk Sac Tumor

Age?

Prognosis?

Answer 6

Young women <30 years of age

Good prognosis with chemotherapy

Question 7

Gross appearance of Yolk sac tumor

Answer 7

Multiple cysts, hemorrhages

Question 8

Diagnostic feature of yolk sac tumor

Answer 8

Increase in serum level of AFP

RICH in AFP

Question 9

Yolk Sac tumor histopathology

Answer 9

Question 10

Choriocarcinoma is identical to what?

Answer 10

Placental tumor

Question 11

Choriocarcinoma course/timeline

Answer 11

Primary tumor may regress, leaving only metastasis sites

Question 12

Types of epithelium involved in Choriocarcinoma

Answer 12

Syncytiotrophoblast

Cytotrophoblast

Question 13

Choriocarcinoma gross appearance

Answer 13

Small hemorrhagic nidus/focus

Question 14

Types of Ovarian teratomas?

Answer 14

Mature (benign, cystic (dermoid cyst))

Immature Teratoma

Monodermal (specialized)

Question 15

Mature Teratoma

Answer 15

all three germ ayers

commonest germ cell tumor

Question 16

Immature Teratoma

Answer 16

potentially malignant

Question 17

Monodermal Teratoma

Answer 17

Struma ovarii

ovarian carcinoid

Question 18

Mature Cystic Teratoma

Age?

Answer 18

Any age, usually younger patients

In elderly women–> might see malignant transformation (squamous cell carcinoma)

Question 19

Mature Cystic Teratoma gross appearance

Answer 19

Mature tissues haphazardly arranged

Hair, teeth, and sebaceous glad

Mature NORMAL tissue, haphazardly arranged. Mostly, Hair, teeth and csebaceous glands. But cartilage and intestinal epithelium may also be seen.

Question 20

Immature Teratoma

Age?

Answer 20

Prepubertal adolescents and young women

Question 21

Complication of immature ovarian teratoma

Answer 21

Potentially malignant

Question 22

Derivation of immature teratoma

Answer 22

immature neural tissue

Question 23

Two types of monodermal (specialized) teratoma

Answer 23

Struma Ovarii

Ovarian Carcinoid

Question 24

Complication of Struma Ovarii

Answer 24

thyrotoxicosis

Question 25

Complication of ovarian carcinoid

Answer 25

carcinoid syndrome

Question 26

Types of Sex chord stromal tumors

Answer 26

Granulosa cell tumor thecoma fibroma sertoli-leydig cell tumor gonadoblastoma

Question 27

Granulosa cell tumor Gross

Answer 27

Solid, yellow, small cysts

Question 28

Granulosa cell tumor Histopathology

Answer 28

Question 29

Fibromas, thecomas, and fibrothecomas Benign or Malignant?

Answer 29

BENIGN

Question 30

Thecoma Histology and Marker

Answer 30

Histo= theca cells Marker= estrogen

Question 31

Thecoma estrogen excess complication?

Answer 31

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding Endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma

Question 32

Thecoma Gross appearance? Thecoma histological appearance?

Answer 32

Gross: Pale fleshy cut surface, yellowish fatty areas Histopathology: Spindle cells with abundant lipid

Question 33

Fibroma?

Answer 33

Histologically, MEIGS Syndrome may be seen with the benign ovarian tumor may be a fibroma, thecoma, cystadenoma, or granulosa cell tumor. Fibromas are also associated with Benign Nevus syndrome.

Question 34

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor malignant or benign?

Answer 34

malignant

Question 35

Sertoli Leydig cell tumors secrete what?

Answer 35

May secrete Androgens | (Virilization or defeminizing symptoms)

Question 36

Sertoli Leydig cell tumor Gross? Histo?

Answer 36

Question 37

Granulosa Cell tumor marker?

Answer 37

INHIBIN

Question 38

Gonadoblastoma characteristic feature?

Answer 38

Dysgenic streak ovaries (Germ cell component may undergo malignant change to form Dysgerminoma AND Granulosa cells)

Question 39

Primary sites for metastatic tumors?

Answer 39

Primary sites: breast \> colon \> endometrium \> stomach

Question 40

Metastatic tumor characteristics?

Answer 40

B/L, solid Histologically- adenocarcinoma

Question 41

What is a Krukenberg tumor?

Answer 41

Bilateral metastases of mucin-producing signet-ring cell carcinoma within the ovarian stroma Bilateral fleshy cerebriform masses

Question 42

Krukenberg Tumor histo?

Answer 42

Clusters of Signet Ring Cells

Question 43

Where does Krukenberg tumor originiate from (What metastasizes)?

Answer 43

Metastasis from Gastric carcinoma

Question 44

Pathological Basis of signs and symptoms in the reproductive age female?

Answer 44