Ovarian Cysts Flashcards
Ovarian cysts stats and facts
4th most common cause of gynae admission
4% of all women in UK will be admitted with this by age 65
May be non- neoplastic or neoplastic
90% are benign
Complications of ovarian cysts
Torsion
Rupture
Haemorrhage
Infection
Ovarian cyst rupture
May be traumatic or spontaneous
Symptoms depend on amount and character of contents
If mild, conservative management is appropriate
Sequelae include peritonitis and pseudomyxoma peritonei
Ovarian cyst haemorrhage
Conservative vs operative
Bleeding can be from the cyst rather than into it and can be dramatic
Ovarian cyst torsion
Usually ovarian infarction has already occurred at the time of surgery
Salpingo-oophorectomy usual surgical treatment
The ovaries
- a dynamic performer
Ovaries are prone to cyst formation because of their dynamic nature
Most cysts are asymptomatic
Most cysts can be treated conservatively
Surgery should be as conservative as possible
Sertoli- leydig tumour of ovary
Sertoli- leydig tumour on histology
Hormone producing because of stromal origin
Rarely bilateral
Prognosis for most is very good
Epithelial ovarian tumours
Benign
Borderline
Malignant
USS complexity
Tumour markers
Most common cancer in women
Breast
Colon
Lung
Ovary
Uterus
Cervix
5 year survival rate of ovarian cancer
28%
Disease spread of ovarian cancer
Contralateral spread
Small bowel
Large bowel
Omentum
Diaphragm
Liver
Pleural cavity
Presentation of epithelial ovarian cancer
A silent disease 60-80% present at advanced stage
Symptoms of abdominal involvement
Symptoms from distant metastases
General malaise, weight loss
The ovary- a collage of tissues
Diversity provides opportunity for lots of different tumours
Most tumours are benign
With increasing age comes increasing risk of malignancy
With increasing complexity comes increasing risk of malignancy
Tumour type determines management
Ovarian cancer: key facts
Insidious disease
Presents late
Remission are possible
Cures only in early stage disease
