ovarian cancers

Question 2

4 types of ovarian cancers

Answer 2

• surface epithelial - 70%
• germ cell - 20%
• sex cord 10%
• secondary

Question 3

Types of surface ovarian cancers

Answer 3

My Sister Began Experiencing cancer

• Mucinous - 36%
• Serous - half!!
• brenner -1-2 %
• Endemetroid - 10%
• Clear cell - 7%

Question 4

Percentage of mucinous tumours that are benign, borderline or malignant

Answer 4

• 80% benign
• 15% borderling
• 5% malignant

Question 5

Benign mucinous surface cancers

Answer 5

Mucinous cystadenoma, mucnous cystadenofibroma

features

• 3rd-6th decade
• large >60cm
• 2-5% bilateral
• lined by Endocervical GI type epithelium

Question 6

Borderline mucinous surface cancers

Answer 6

• moderate-mild
• cytological atypia
• nuclear crowding and stratification
• mitotic figures

Note no high stage tumour

Question 7

Percentage of serous surface ovarian tumours that are benin, borderline or malignant

Answer 7

• 50% benign
• 20% borderline
• 30% malignant

Question 8

Benign serious surface ovarian tumours

Answer 8

Examples

• serous cystadenoma
• serous adenofibroma
• serous cystadenofibroma

Features

• 4th-5th decade
• bilateral-20%
• >1cm
• lined by monolayer of cuboidal or tubular epithelium
• Solid firous area

Question 9

Borderline serious surface ovarian tumours

Answer 9

• 40% bilateral
• more papillary projections
• 30% tumour on surface
• extra-ovarian “implants” - invasive and non invasive

Question 10

Brennar surface ovarian tumours

Answer 10

• islands of benign transitional epithelium, fibrous stroma
• <2cm
• >7% bilateral
• together with mcinous cystadenoma

Question 11

Endemetroid cancers % that are benign, borderline and maligant

Answer 11

• never benign
• 10% borderline
• 90% malignant

Question 12

features of endemetroid surface ovarian cancers

Answer 12

• solid and cystic
• 15-20% bilateral
• present at low stage

Question 13

Clear cell surface ovarian cancer features

Answer 13

• 50s
• strong association with endometrosis

Question 14

Types of germ cell tumours

Answer 14

Doctor examied the ovaries

• Dysgerminoma
• endometrial sinus
• teratoma - 20% of all ovarian tumours
• choriocarcinoma

Question 15

Dysgerminoma germ cell ovarian cancer

Answer 15

• rare
• young women
• bilateral 10-15%
• solid
• identical to semininoma in testes

Question 16

Teratoma

Answer 16

Mature

• .15cm
• 20-30s
• smooth surface, pale capsule
• sebum hair

Immature

• <1%
• 1st 2 decades
• thick, solid, fleshy
• malignant but curable

Question 17

Types of sex cord ovarian cancers

Answer 17

GTF

• fibroma
• thecoma
• granulosa cell tumours

Question 18

Fibroma features

Answer 18

• spindle cell tumour producing collagen
• middle age
• 8% bilateral
• hard, white, fibrous

Question 19

Thecoma

Answer 19

• stromal tumours with lipid containing cells
• post menopausal
• 5019cm
• benign but often secrete oestrogen (risk of endometrial cancer)

Question 20

granulosa cell tumours

Answer 20

• 1-2% of ovarian tumours
• 95% adults type, 5% juvenille
• 12cm