Ovarian cancer Flashcards
What medication can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer?
Oral contraceptive pill (OCP)
What age group is ovarian cancer rare in?
<30yrs
What genetics/high risk families can be high risk of developing ovarian cancer?
HNPCC/Lynch syndrome
BRAC1
BRAC2
What is the incessant ovulation theory in ovarian cancer?
Suggests that the risk of ovarian carcinoma increases as a result of the recurrent minor trauma to the ovarian surface epithelium that occurs during ovulation
What are the signs/symptoms of ovarian cancer?
Often vague Indigestion/early satiety/poor appetite Altered bowel habit/pain Bloating/discomfort/weight gain Pelvic mass (pressure symptoms or asymptomatic)
What are the diagnostic techniques for ovarian cancer?
Surgical/pathological
US abdomen/pelvis
CT
CA125
What is a tumour marker for ovarian cancer?
CA 125
What is CA 125
Glyco-protein antigen
What benign conditions can CA 125 be raised in?
Menstruation Endometriosis PID Liver disease Recent surgery Effusions
What cancers can CA 125 be raised in?
Ovarian
Colon/pancreas
Breast
What percentage of women with ovarian cancer have raised CA 125?
80%
What is the RMI score?
Risk malignancy index
What is the RMI for ovarian cancer?
RMI = U x M x CA 125
What is the U and M in the RMI for ovarian cancer?
U = ultrasound evaluation M = menopausal status
What are ultrasound features you would look for when doing an RMI for ovarian cancer?
Multi-lobular Solid areas Bilateral Ascites Intra-abdominal