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GU Unit 19 > Ovarian and Uterine Cycles > Flashcards

Ovarian and Uterine Cycles Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formation and development of gametes in females?

A

Oogenesis

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2
Q

What hormones released by the ovaries control the uterine (menstrual) Cycle?

A

Steroid Hormones

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3
Q

What hormone secreted by the Hypothalamus controls ovarian and uterine cycles?

A

GnRH

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4
Q

GnRH stimulates the release of what hormones in the Anterior Pituitary glands?

A
  1. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
  2. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
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5
Q

What hormone initiates Follicular growth and the secretion of estrogens by the growing follicles?

A

FSH

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6
Q

What hormone triggers ovulation and then promotes the formation of the Corpus luteum?

A

LH

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7
Q

Stimulated by LH, the Corpus Luteum produces and secretes what Four Hormones?

A
  1. Estrogen
  2. Progestion
  3. Relaxin
  4. Inhibin
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8
Q

What promotes the development and maintenance of female reproductive structure, feminine secondary characteristics, and the mammary glands?

A

Estrogens

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9
Q

What hormone helps lower blood cholesterol level?

A

Estrogen

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10
Q

What hormone is secreted by cells of the corpus luteum, acts together with estrogen to prepare and then maintained the endometrium for implantation and prepare the mammary glands for milk secretion?

A

Progesterone

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11
Q

What hormone produced by the Corpus Luteum during each monthly cycle, relaxes the uterus by inhibiting contractions of the myometrium?

A

Relaxin

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12
Q

What hormone is produced by the Plancenta and helps to continue the uterine smooth muscle?

A

Relaxin

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13
Q

What hormone increases the flexibility of the pubic symphysis and helps dilate the uterine cervix, both of which ease delivery of baby?

A

Relaxin

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14
Q

What hormone is secreted by growing follicles and by the Corpus Luteum after ovulation?

A

Inhibin

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15
Q

What does the hormone inhibits do?

A

Inhibits secretion of FSH and, to lesser extent, LH

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16
Q

How long does the female reproductions’ cycle last?

A

24 to 36 days.

17
Q

What are FOUR phases of reproductive cycle?

A
  1. Menstrual Phase
  2. Pre-ovulatory Phase
  3. Ovulation Phase
  4. Postovulatory Phase
18
Q

How long does the menstrual phase?

A

5 days.

19
Q

What is happening in the ovaries in the Menstrual Phase?

A

Several ovarian follicles grow and enlarge

20
Q

What happing in the uterus during Menstrual Phase?

A

50 to 150 mL of the blood and tissue cells from the Endometrium.

21
Q

What causes the uterine arteries to constrict?

A

The decreased in progesterone and estrogen.

21
Q

What causes the uterine arteries to constrict?

A

The decreased in progesterone and estrogen.

22
Q

Do to the declining level of ovarian hormones what happens to the tissues and eventually what happens to the Endometrium?

A
  1. Tissue starts to die off.
  2. Sloughs off
23
Q

What phase is the rupture of the mature (graafian) follicle and the release of the secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity?

A

Ovulation

24
Q

What day does Ovulation happen in a 28 day cycle?

A

14th day

25
Q

The high level of estrogen stimulates the Hypothalamus to release what hormone, and anterior pituitary to secrete more what?

A
  1. GnRH
  2. LH
26
Q

What happens when there is the surge of the LH hormone?

A

Brings about rupture of the Mature (Graafian) Follicle and expulsion of a secondary oocyte

27
Q

What phase is the most constant in the duration and last for 14 days from day 15 to 28?

A

Post-ovulatory

28
Q

The Pre-Ovulatory phase last from what days?

A

Days 6-13

29
Q

What happens when the ovaries are under the influence of FSH?

A

Follicles continue to grow and begin to secrete Estrogen and Inhibin

30
Q

On what day during the pre-ovulation phase where one follicle has outgrown all the others to become the dominant follicle?

A

day 6

31
Q

What two hormone during pre-ovulation phase secreted by the dominant follicle decrease the secretion of FSH, which causes other, less well developed follicles to stop growing and die?

A
  1. Estrogen
  2. Inhibin
32
Q

During what phase does the Mature follicle, forms a blister like bulge on the surface of the ovary?

A

Pre-ovulation phase

33
Q

What hormone will make the mature Follicle to continue to secrete Estrogen during maturation?

A

LH

34
Q

What hormone helps with the thickening and growth of the endometrial glands?

A

Estrogen

35
Q

How long can the corpus luteum stay without being fertilized?

A

2 weeks

36
Q

What does the corpus luteum turn into if the follicle is not fertilized and secretory activity declines and it degenerates into?

A

Corpus Albicans

37
Q

As the decrease of Progesterone, estrogen and inhibin decrease what is released to t the loss of the negative feedback system?

A
  1. GnRH
  2. FSH
  3. LH
38
Q

How is the fertilized Oocyte “recused” and what hormone is produced on the eighth day after fertilizations?

A
  1. Human Chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG).

GU Unit 19 (4 decks)

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