Outcome 1: Atomic Theory

Question 1

Give the definition of an isotope

Answer 1

An isotope is the atoms of an element that contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 2

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

Answer 2

Each orbital can hold only two electrons

Question 3

How many orbitals do f-orbitals have?

Answer 3

seven orbitals = holds fourteen electrons

Question 4

What is the Aufbau Principle?

Answer 4

Orbitals of lower energy are filled first

Question 5

What is Hund’s Rule?

Answer 5

Orbitals at a given energy level are all partially filled before an orbital at the energy is completely filled
(Single before pairing)

Question 6

Which two elements are exceptions to Hund’s Rule for filling energy levels?

Answer 6

Chromium (Cr): Half fills 3d before 4s
and
Copper (Cu): Fully fills 3d before 4s

Question 7

What is the Atomic Number?

Answer 7

The unique number of protons in an element

Question 8

What is the Atomic Mass?

Answer 8

The mass of protons + the mass of neutrons