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Applied Computing 3/4 > Outcome 1 > Flashcards

Outcome 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Numeric Data

A

Data that consists of whole numbers, or decimal numbers

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2
Q

Floating Point

A

numeric data type that consists of a computers representation of real numbers

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3
Q

Integer

A

numeric data type that can only support whole numbers (represents binary digits)

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4
Q

Boolean

A

data type that represents two states - on or off - true or false

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5
Q

character

A

data type that is a symbol (that has meaning - could be a, could be a chinese character etc)

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6
Q

Array

A

data structure that contains groupings of data

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7
Q

Associative Array

A

Array where the index value can be of any data type (commonly string)

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8
Q

Dictonary

A

same as associative array

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9
Q

Hash Table

A

Array where the index value can be of any data type (commonly string)
and where the value is another array

  • referred to as a bucket
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10
Q

Queue

A

data structure that is first in, first out

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11
Q

Stack

A

data structure that is first in, last out

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12
Q

Linked list

A

ordered set of elemtns in which each element is connected to the next element in the list

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13
Q

Record

A

basic collection of related elements (could be different data types)

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14
Q

Fields

A

Components of the record (etc FirstName)

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15
Q

Problem Statements

A

Statement that is a concise description of the problem
Done before you do an SRS
Doesn’t include a potential solution to the problem

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16
Q

Observations

A

Watching someone use a solution in various situations. Provides a whole picture for either evaluation or documenting the problem

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17
Q

Interview

A

A list of fixed questions - used to either evaluate a solution or document the problem

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18
Q

Data Dictionaries

A

Used to plan the storage of software elements
Can be for variables, data structures of objects
Represented in a table

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19
Q

Object Descriptions

A

Describes all relevant properties, methods and events of an object

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20
Q

Mockups

A

Sketch showing how a screen or printout will look
Needs enough detail so a different person could create the interface without asking questions

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21
Q

Pseudocode

A

Flexible, quick, language independent way of describing a calculation strategy.
After an algorithm has been sketched in pseudocode -> it could be converted in source code for any desired programming langauges

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22
Q

Purpose of Psuedocode

A
  • Allows the programmer to express the logic and design of an algorithm
  • Programmer can identify errors in logic before commencing development
  • allows other developers to understand the program more easily
23
Q

Methods of representing solution designs

A
  • Data Dictionaries
  • Object Descriptions
  • Mockups
  • Pseudocode
24
Q

Plain Text Files

A

Structured file that contains characters of readable data.

Can be separated with spacing, new lines and tabs, but can only be read as character and string types

Commonly used for configuration files

25
Q

Delimited Files

A

Type of text file where the file is separated by a programmer-selected character -> called a delimited-separated value

26
Q

XML

A

Data type that uses a set of rules for encoding data that can be structured in a form that is both human and computer readable

-> gives data meaning

better than CSV - enables the embedding of metadata using element names and attributes

27
Q

Binary Files

A

unreadable to humans, but readable to computers.
Examples include images and sound

28
Q

Naming Convention

A

conventions for naming variables in source code

29
Q

Naming Conventions - Purposes

A
  • Provide consistency in the naming of variables
  • Effort needed to read and understand the source code during development is lessened
30
Q

Camel Case

A

compounding words using a capital letter for each new word
e.g. firstName

31
Q

Snake Case

A

compounding words and phrases with an underscore
e.g. first_name

32
Q

Hungarian Notation

A

compounding words and phrases without spaces (similar to camel) that adds a prefix that represents the data type
e.g. strFirstName

33
Q

Variable

A

method of storing data so that it can be retrieved later in the program

34
Q

Instruction

A

unit of code that can be executed by a compiler or an interpreted

35
Q

Functions

A

Returns a value after performing a calculation

36
Q

Function Arguments

A

functions can optionally include variables in their definitions which are then passed when the function is called

37
Q

Function Visibility

A

restricts actions to functions within an application

38
Q

Procedure

A

methods of code that runs, and does not return a value

39
Q

Classes

A

allows a programmer to group together related functions and variables into one place, acts as template for creating objects

40
Q

Methods

A

Functions that exist inside a class

41
Q

Control Structures

A

Sequences
Conditional
Iteration

42
Q

Sequence

A

instructions that executes code line by line, with no variable change

43
Q

Conditional

A

structure that allows a programmer to write lines of code that are only run when a particular requirement is met

44
Q

Iteration

A

repeat sections of code multiple times until a condition is met

45
Q

Existence Check

A

checks if a value has been entered

46
Q

Range Check

A

checks if a value is within an acceptable limits or comes from a range of acceptable values

47
Q

Type Check

A

ensures that values entered into the fields are of the expected data type

48
Q

Syntax Errors

A

done when you mistype code to the point where it doesnt meet the formatting requirements of the language

49
Q

Runtime Errors

A

errors that occur when the program is running

50
Q

Logic/Sematic Errors

A

occurs when the logic of the program fails and un unexpected output is shown

51
Q

Appropriate Test Data - composition

A

Above the boundary
At the boundary
Below the boundary

52
Q

Trace Tables

A

Simulates the execution of a program
Each feature is executed, step-by-step and values of the algorithm are tracked to ensure the logic of the algorithm is correct

53
Q

Internal Documentation

A

notes and comments written by a programmer inside the code

54
Q

Internal Documentation - purposes

A
  • provides context and important information as to what the code does
  • assists others to read the code
  • assists with debugging and testing
  • assists with maintenance

Applied Computing 3/4 (5 decks)

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