Out of Class Objectives Flashcards
Cats: Temp
100-102.5
Cats: HR
100-140
Cats: RR
16-40
Dogs: Temp
100-102.5
Range of Dogs HR
60-140
Small dog: HR
90-120
Medium dog: HR
70-110
Large dog: HR
60-90
Dog: RR
15-34
MM Pink
Normal
Normal CRT?
<2sec
Blue MM
Cyanosis
Red MM
endotoxemia
Pale MM
Anemic or dehydrated
Cuff size for cats?
30% of cm circumference
MOST: size 2
Cuff size for dogs?
40% of cm (or measurement in inches)
Location of cuff for BP?
Proximal to carpus; hock; tail
How to measure BP using Doppler?
Place Doppler probe over artery distal to the cuff
Inflate cuff with sphygmomanometer until flow sounds disappear
Slowly deflate cuff, when flow sounds reappear that is systolic
When flow sounds are continuous that is diastolic
When is Doppler > Oscillometric?
more sensitive, hypovolemic patients
How to measure BP using Oscillometric?
The cuff is inflated to a pressure above the systolic pressure
The cuff slowly deflates until the air pressure in the cuff begins to
oscillate - SAP is determined
The cuff continues to deflate and when the air pressure oscillations are
greatest MAP is determined
When the oscillations are no longer detected DAP is determined
Most accurate reading from Doppler?
Systolic
Most accurate reading from Oscillometric?
MAP
Supplies needed for cephalic vein catheterization?
Clippers, Alcohol, Catheter, Tape, T-set adaptor port OR injection cap
Catheter size for Lg dog?
18G (green)
Catheter size for Md dog?
18-20G (pink)
Catheter size for Sm dog and cats?
20-22G (Blue)
Catheter size for Neonate?
24 (Yellow)
Appropriate locations for IO Catheters?
Tibia (BEST); Trochanter of femur; Proximal humerus; Wing of Ilium (LAST)
Different materials that can be used as IO catheters
Jamshadi, Cook, Illinois; Jugular
Indications to place an IO catheter?
Can’t get any other vein; Super small/hypovolemic patients; Pocket pets
T or F: When setting up IV pumps, it is important to flush the whole extension set to make sure there are no bubbles.
True
How to set up Abbot fluid pump?
- Need fluid line with CASSETTE
- Lift lever up, put cassette in and push lever down
- Push on button (yellow)
- (Two pumps in one) select A pump first
- Put rate of mls/hr in
- Put in volume to be infused (usually whole bag)
- Hit start (green)
Color of Flo-gard pump?
Blue
How to set up Heska pump?
• NO CASSETTE NEEDED
• Press on/off
• “Select” button to change from rate, to time, to volume to be infused
o Ex. Press up button to get to desired rate, then press the up button to reach the volume to be infused (TBI: 999)
o Scroll down to volume to be infused and hit clear for each patient
• Open IV line door
• Put IV line in the correct direction (follow the “flow direction arrows” on the machine!)
• Close IV line door
Three-syringe technique to draw blood from central venous catheter
Need to take fluid of out catheter that is just sitting there (first syringe)
• 3cc syringe for small dog
• 5cc for large dog
• Can give this blood back to the patient if they are SUPER anemic
Actual sample that you need (second syringe)
Flush of catheter (third syringe)
Technique for placement of urinary catheters in male cats, male dogs, and female dogs
o Cut the tip of the plastic container and feed the tube with only touching the plastic liner
Don’t paper cut the prepuce
o Stay (friction) sutures on the prepuce
Indications for placing urinary catheters
Blocked animal; not urinating properly; Neuro problem; Post-op bladder rupture; Monitor urinary outlow
Types of urinary cathers?
Red rubber; Polypropylene (Tom cat?); Foley (standard length for female dogs and long ones for male dogs)
Closed urinary collection set-up
o Shave prepuce/vulva
o Sterile (?) gloves
o Gram scale to weight urine
o Radiograph to check placement of catheter
o Attach cath to tail to eliminate pressure (suture for red-rubber, tape for foley)
Supplies needed for closed urinary collection set-up
o Foley catheter (long term) or red rubber (short term)
o IV extension sets x2 (make sure all of the clamps are “off”)
o Christmas tree adaptor to hook fluid line to catheter
o Used IV bag
Which is catheter long-term and which is short-term for closed urinary colletion set-up?
Foley is long-term
Red rubber is short-term
T or F: Foley urinary catheters are ideal for cats.
FALSE: Foleys are too big for a cat
Electrocardiogram set-up
o FL- black
o LR- red
o FR- white
o RR- (green?)
T or F: Don’t use alcohol for ECG set-up if you might defib afterwards.
TRUE : Sets patient on fire
When would you use alcohol for ECG set-up?
if need to wet when using alligator clips directly onto skin
Placement of probe for pulse oximetry?
Tongue, ear, lip, in-between toes, cheek, vulva, prepuce
What does pulse oximetry tell you?
Hgb saturation and HR
Normal End-tidal CO2?
35-45mmHg
Landmark for intranasal catheter placement?
Medial canthus of eye to lateral commissure of nose (measure and mark on tube)
Technique for intranasal catheter placement?
Pre-place suture at lateral commissure of nose before placing catheter; Tie single square knot before introducing tube; rub with lidocaine jelly; ventral meatus; Surgeons knot to secure tube; Add additional friction sutures including one at occipital protuberance
Oxygen flow rates per nostril?
4-6L/min per nostril
Oxygen flow rate based on kg?
100-200ml/kg/min (2-4L/min per patient on avg)
Thoracocentesis equipment
Butterfly catheter (small patients) or needle (18G, 1.5inch); 3 way stop cock(off to patient); Syringe (20/60ml); Clippers; Sterile gloves
Thoracocentesis procedure
Clip wide from rib 2-13; put needle in and turn stopcock off to outside; assistant pulls back on syringe; advance until assistant says positive; then angle needle toward body wall
Dorsal for air; Ventral for fluid
Type of thoracostomy tubes?
Red rubber; Thoracic drainage tube; Argyle chest tube (one with trochar)
Directions for thoracostomy placement?
Incision that penetrates lats at 10th rib (11th also)
Tunnel under lats until 7th intercostal space
Punch into space at 7th rib (8th also)
Do not clamp until all tubing adaptors have been secured and aspiration performed
Friction sutures must engage underlying fascia or periosteum of closest rib
Add tubing adaptor, stopcock and clamp
Last resort venipuncture for dogs? Cats?
Dogs: Medial saphenous
Cats: Lateral saphenous
Which pump uses a cassette?
Abbott!
Which pump does not use a cassette?
Heska
Foley catheters are best for?
Dogs long-term
What is the foley balloon filled with?
saline
How to place Foley catheter?
place into the bladder 1st. Fill with saline (says on white part tube how much to fill balloon~3cc saline). This will sit in the trigone of the bladder. Insert a Christmas tree adapter into the other end of the Foley to connect with the fluid lines.= closed system
(1) Remove the clamps on the fluid line to prevent line being blocked.
(2) When the bags if full just replace the bag and the system stays closed.
Ways to supplement oxygen?
Oxygen cage, oxygen tent, intranasal, hold O2 to nose; Ecollar with wrap; Flow by mask
