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ECOLEC > Our Planet: Freshwater > Flashcards

Our Planet: Freshwater Flashcards

1
Q

one of the major rivers of tanzania

A

the great ruaha river

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2
Q

it is considered as the ecological backbone of tanzania

A

the great ruaha river

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3
Q

the great ruaha river started to dry up in _____ since agriculture started

A

1993

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4
Q

what are the economical and ecological importance of the great ruaha river

A

it generates more than 50% of tanzania’s electricity
supplies 22% of rufiji catchment system, used for irrigating agriculture, fshing, livestock
38 species of fish have been identified

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5
Q

this is the biota representative of the greata ruaha river

A

cape buffalo (syncerus caffer)

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6
Q

the economical and ecological importance of the cape buffao

A

belongs in the big five sought in the ecotourism industry

primary consumers in the food chain

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7
Q

features of cape buffalo:

A

males and females have horns

most unique feature: skull as the vomer and palatine bones remain separate

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8
Q

conservation threats to cape buffalo:

A

water diversions for human use affected the buffalo population: 2313 (2004) to 924 (2013)

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9
Q

conservation threats to the great ruaha river

A

limited freshwater allocation
irrigation agriculture depending on the 70% of the countrys workforce
industrial sector leading to degration of water system

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10
Q

conservation target for great ruaha river

A

60m buffer zone (from edge of a water source)
planting of 60000 seedlings of figs and mangos
8 trained water associations to assess river water quality
25 forest scouts to protect the forest
120 km total area of catchment forest
92% of the water meets the quality requirement

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11
Q

the biota representative of the crystal river

A

florida manatee (trichecus manatus latirostris)

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12
Q

manatees feed on them

A

water hyacinths

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13
Q

physical description of manatees:

A

gray/brown skin color
green/white tinge due to barnacle growth
5-7 pairs of molars
3.5-4.0m adult length (females are larger than males)
smallest brain among the mammals in body mass

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14
Q

the african great lake

A

lake tanganyika

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15
Q

the longest freshwater lake in the world

A

lake tanganyika

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16
Q

the second largest, oldest, deepest freshwater lake

A

lake tanganyika

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17
Q

lake tanganyika is internnationally recognized as a________________

A

global hotspot for biodiversity

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18
Q

biota representative of lake tanganyika

A

cichlidae

lamprologus callipterous

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19
Q

a phenomenon of explosive speciation
impressive family size
99% of 250 species are endemic
can survive in deoxygenated water regions for a short period of time

A

cichlidae

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20
Q

the challenges of lake tanganyika

A

sedementation
fishing boats
sanitation infrastracture

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21
Q

between 1995 to 2011, there is a decrease in the total fish stock by ___

A

25%

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22
Q

conservation threats to cichlidae

A

temperature rises over the last 150 years reducing the suitable habitat of organisms by 38%

sudden rise of temperature decreased the amount of o2 threatening the lives of the species

23
Q

world’s largest internally draining river system

A

kati-thanda lake eyre

24
Q

description of kati-thanda lake eyre

A
  1. used for land grazing
  2. lake water is exposed to evaporation
  3. fourth largest lake
  4. rarely gets filled
25
Q

biota representative of kati-thanda lake eyre

A

australian pelican (pelecanus conspicillatus)

26
Q

conservation threats to lake eyre

A
  1. human activities
  2. damage caused by invasive species
  3. cllimate change
27
Q

conservation threats to australian pelican

A
  1. habitat destruction
  2. oil spill
  3. pollution from human waste
28
Q

conservation status of the australian pelican:

A

low risk

29
Q

it is the devil’s throat

A

iguazu river and falls

30
Q

the water from the iguazu river comes from ____

A

amazon forest

31
Q

it is the largest waterfall in the world

A

iguazu river and falls

32
Q

what two countries separate iguazu river and falls?

A

brazil and argentina

33
Q

the conservation threats of iguazu

A

increased temperatures
man-made hydroelectric dams
pollutants from agriculture
infrastractures

34
Q

the biota representative in iguazu

A

black capuchin

35
Q

the characteristics of a black capuchin

A

cheeky, social, smart

36
Q

diffference between normal black capuchin vs those found in iguazu

A

black capuchin in iguazu is considered a double edged sword

37
Q

the lifespan of a black capuchin

A

528 months

38
Q

conservation threats to black capuchin

A

residential and commercial development

service corridor developments

hunting, trapping, and selling

transportation

this threats cause fragmentation, disconnection, loss of species

39
Q

this forms the platte river in nebraska, usa

A

north platte and south platte river

40
Q

the most shallow river

A

platte river

41
Q

biota representative of platte river

A

pallid sturgeon

42
Q

the largest freshwater species

A

pallid sturgeon

43
Q

conversation threats of platte river

A

constructions of infrastractures

residents using the freshwater

excessive water evaporation

44
Q

conversation threats of pallid sturgeon

A

dams

illegal harvesting of young pallid sturgeons

45
Q

a basin wide effort undertaken by the department of the interior

A

PRRICP

46
Q

known as the river of five colors

A

cano cristales

47
Q

a mineral-rich rock formation where river travels on

A

guiana shield

48
Q

location of cano cristales

A

colombia

49
Q

this gives the color the cano cristales exhibits

A

macarenia clavigera

50
Q

conservation threats to cano cristales

A

illegal gold mining and oil extraction

51
Q

conservation threats to macarenia clavigeria

A

mass deforestation

illegal tourism

52
Q

second most diverse river in the world and the 12th longest river in the word

A

mekong river

53
Q

biota representative of the mekong river also known as siamese fighting fish

A

betta splendens

54
Q

this allows the betta fish to breathe

A

labyrinth organ

ECOLEC (5 decks)

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