Ottoman Empire

Question 1

ottoman empire

Answer 1

the Turkish empire, established in northern Anatolia by Osman I at the end of the 13th century and expanded by his successors to include all of Asia Minor and much of southeastern Europe. After setbacks caused by the invasion of the Mongol ruler Tamerlane in 1402, the Ottomans captured Constantinople in 1453, and the empire reached its zenith under Suleiman in the mid 16th century. It had greatly declined by the 19th century and collapsed after World War I.

Question 2

jarisarries

Answer 2

a member of the Turkish infantry forming the Sultan’s guard between the 14th and 19th centuries.

Question 3

sultan

Answer 3

a Muslim sovereign

Question 4

sultanate

Answer 4

noun form of sultan

Question 5

harem

Answer 5

(in former times) the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.

Question 6

aurangzeb

Answer 6

(1618–1707), Mogul emperor of Hindustan 1658–1707, who increased the Mogul empire to its greatest extent.

Question 7

shah

Answer 7

a title of the former monarch of Iran

Question 8

martha kingdom

Answer 8

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian power that existed from 1674 to 1818 and ruled over much of the Indian sub-continent.

Question 9

mehmet the conquero

Answer 9

Mehmed II, best known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was an Ottoman sultan who ruled first for a short time from August 1444 to September 1446, and later from February 1451 to May 1481. At the age of 21, he conquered Constantinople and brought an end to the Eastern Roman Empire. Mehmed continued his conquests in Anatolia with its reunificati…

Question 10

emperor akbar

Answer 10

Akbar, known as Akbar the Great, was Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. He was the third and greatest ruler of the Mughal Dynasty in India. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India.

Question 11

nur jahan

Answer 11

Nur Jahan born Mehr-un-Nissa, was the twentieth but most beloved, and therefore most important consort of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Born the daughter of a Grand Vizier who served under Akbar, Nur Jahan was married at a young age to Sher Afgan, governor of Bihar, an important Mughal province. She was a married woman when Prince Jahangir,

Question 12

delhi

Answer 12

a walled city on the River Jumna in north central India, which was made the capital of the Mogul empire in 1638 by Shah Jahan (1592–1666). See also New Delhi.

Question 13

sufism

Answer 13

the mystical system of the Sufis.

Question 14

sikishm

Answer 14

a monotheistic religion founded in Punjab in the 15th century by Guru Nanak

Question 15

taj mahal

Answer 15

a mausoleum at Agra, India, built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (1592–1666) in memory of his favorite wife, completed c. 1649. Set in formal gardens, the domed building in white marble is reflected in a pool flanked by cypresses.

Question 16

safavid

Answer 16

a member of a dynasty that ruled Persia 1502–1736 and installed Shia rather than Sunni Islam as the state religion.

Question 17

ismail abbas

Answer 17

Abbas was born in Herat (now in Afghanistan, then one of the two chief cities of Khorasan) as the third son of the royal prince Mohammad Khodabanda and his wife …

Question 18

sufis

Answer 18

Muslim ascetic and mystic.

Question 19

suleyman

Answer 19

Suleiman I, commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and “Kanuni” in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to his death in 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman state ruled over 20 to 30 million people. Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe

Question 20

rajputs

Answer 20

Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of the Indian subcontinent. They rose to prominence from the late 6th century CE, and, until the 20th century, the Rajput rulers dominated many regions of central and northern India including the eastern regions of present-day Pakistan.

Question 21

sikh faith

Answer 21

The Sikh gurus established a mechanism which allowed the Sikh religion to react as a community to changing circumstances. The sixth guru, …