Ottawa charter

Question 1

5 action areas of the Ottawa charter

Answer 1

D - Develop personal skills
R - Reorient health services
A - Strengthen community action
B - Build healthy public policy
C - Create supportive environments

Question 2

Develop personal skills

Answer 2

-Education is the main aspect of this action area. Education refers to gaining health-related knowledge
and skills that allow people to make informed decisions that may indirectly affect health and wellbeing (such as talking to people to resolve conflict rather than using violence or teaching people the skills they need to cook a healthy meal). Education
can occur in many places, including school and work settings, families, and government and non government organisations.

Question 3

Reorient health services

Answer 3

This action area refers to changing the health system so that it promotes health and wellbeing rather than just focusing on diagnosing and treating illness, as is the case with the biomedical model. Reorienting health services means addressing all factors that influence health and wellbeing, not just diseases. This requires a shift towards health promotion, which
includes doctors taking on the role of educator.

Question 4

Strengthen community action

Answer 4

This action area focuses on building links between individuals and the community, and centres around
the community working together to achieve a common goal. Giving the community a sense of ownership of a health and wellbeing strategy
and working together increases the likelihood that it will be effective.

Question 5

Build healthy public policy

Answer 5

This action area relates directly to the decisions made by government and organisations regarding laws
and policies that make it more difficult for people to undertake unhealthy behaviours and seek to
make healthier choices the easier choices.

Question 6

Create supportive environments

Answer 6

This action area recognises the impact that the broader determinants have on health and wellbeing and health status and aims to promote a healthy physical and sociocultural environment for all members of the community. A supportive environment is one that promotes health and wellbeing by being safe, stimulating, satisfying
and enjoyable.

Question 7

Three basic strategies of the ottawa charter

Answer 7

-Enable
-Mediate
-Advocate

Question 8

Enable

Answer 8

Health promotion aims to reduce differences in health status and health and wellbeing
between population groups by ensuring equal opportunities and resources are available to enable all people to achieve optimal health and wellbeing. This includes access to education, employment, adequate housing, nutritious food and healthcare by empowering people, not by merely providing handouts. People cannot achieve optimal health and wellbeing unless they can take control of factors that influence their lives.This applies equally to women and men, Indigenous and non-Indigenous people, those in low and high socioeconomic groups, and those living within or outside of Australia’s major cities.

Question 9

Mediate

Answer 9

. Mediating relates to helping these groups resolve such conflict and produce outcomes that promote health and wellbeing. Reducing speed limits is an example of a policy change that is not always supported by all members of the community. Working with groups who oppose such changes to
ensure that lives are saved on the roads is an important role of social groups and health professionals.

Question 10

Advocate

Answer 10

Health promotion aims to make these factors supportive through advocacy. Advocacy for health and wellbeing refers to actions designed to gain support from governments and societies that are necessary to improve health and wellbeing for everyone. These actions can include media campaigns (including social media), public speaking,
conducting and publishing of research and public opinion, and lobbying governments, in which individuals or groups try to change the opinions of those responsible for making public policies and laws.

Question 11

Ottawa charter for health promotion

Answer 11

an approach to
health developed by the World
Health Organization that aims to
reduce inequalities in health. It
reflects the social model of health
and provides five action areas
that can be used as a basis for
improving health status, all of
which are centred around three
strategies for health promotion
which are enabling, mediating and
advocacy.