OTPF and History Review

Question 1

Evolution of OTPF

Answer 1

1999: AOTA reviewed/revised “Uniform Terminology for OT”, which existed 5 years;; lacked clarity for clients/other professionals; needed focus on occupation.

2002: published OTPF to better describe OT and how it’s done
2008: Revised to OTPF II
2014: Revised to OTPF III
2020: OTPF IV

Question 2

ICF’s definition of physical disabilities

Answer 2

ICF= Intl. Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Classified “components of health”; body structures, body functions, impact of environmental/personal factors; and emphasis on participation in life situations (domains).

Physical disability seen as a limiting factor, but not the focus of intervention (informs OT/OTPF, which simultaneously addresses person’s psych/social well-being in their engagement)

Question 3

Clinical Reasoning

Answer 3

Skill that guides OT Process.

Planning, directing, performing, and reflecting on client care. Uses theory, research, and clinical skills.

Question 4

Therapeutic Use of Self

Answer 4

Use of communication and empathy as part of intervention skills.

Question 5

Activity Analysis

Answer 5

Finding importance to client and client factors as part of OT process.

Question 6

Activity Demands

Answer 6

The tools needed for an activity, the environment it requires, etc. Important part of OT process.

Question 7

Foundational ideas behind occupation as a remedy

Answer 7

• Moral Treatment
• Arts and Crafts
• Scientific Management

(All use occupation as way of reclaiming client’s place in community.)

Question 8

Main ideas of Moral Treatment

Answer 8

Humanism: mentally ill are capable of reason and responsive to humane treatment;
• Respect for individuality
• Unity of mind/body
• Humane approach using occupations to lead to recovery.

Question 9

Moral Treatment vs. Medical Model

Answer 9

Medical model presumed individual is a passive participant in rehab process, while moral treatment is specifically client-based.

Question 10

Old vs. New Definitions of OT

Answer 10

1923: Method of training sick/injured by means of instruction/employment in productive occupation. To arouse interest, courage, confidence; to exercise mind/body in healthy activity; to overcome disability; to re-establish capacity for industrial/social usefulness.
2020: Therapeutic use of everyday life occupations for purpose of enhancing/enabling participation. Use knowledge to design occ-based intervention plans; for rehab and promotion of well-being for those with disabilities, non-disabled, and at-risk.

Question 11

Major functions of OT process

Answer 11

1. Referral (initial step)
   Then a cycle:
2. Evaluation (occupational profile; analysis of occ performance)
3. Intervention (plan; implementation; review)
4. Outcomes (engagement in occ to support participation)

Question 12

Types of Clinical Reasoning

Answer 12

1) PROCEDURAL: like medical problem solving; concern with getting things done/what has to happen next. Use of “critical pathways” to direct intervention. Based on things like diagnosis/prognosis.
2) INTERACTIVE: Interchanges betw client/therapist. To engage with/understand/motivate client. Client’s POV.
3) CONDITIONAL: Contexts in which interventions/occs occur; ways factors affect outcomes/therapy. “What if” approach. Striving for “hoped for” future outcome.
4) NARRATIVE: Story making/telling as way to understand client’s experience. Uses both interactive and conditional reasoning to project outcomes. Thera. Use of Self is used. How client sees condition, and how story unfolds toward vision for future.
5) PRAGMATIC: Beyond client/therapist. Integrates demands of setting, therapist’s competence, client’s social/financial resources, client’s potential d/c environment, etc. Recognizes and works with constraints.