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MOT Fall 2020 > OTPF 4th Edition > Flashcards

OTPF 4th Edition Flashcards

1
Q

Occupational Therapy

A

The therapeutic use of everyday life occupations with persons, groups, or populations (the client) for the purpose of enhancing or enabling participation.

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2
Q

Occupational Therapy Practitioner

A

Both OTs and OTAs

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3
Q

Groups

A

A collection of individuals having shared characteristics or a common or shared purpose

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4
Q

Populations

A

Aggregates of people with common attributes such as contexts, characteristics, or concerns, including health risks

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5
Q

Community

A

A collection of population that is changeable and diverse and includes various people, groups, networks, and organizations

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6
Q

Client

A

Refers to persons, groups, and populations

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7
Q

Domain

A

Outlines the profession’s purview and the areas in which its members have an established body of knowledge and expertise

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8
Q

Process

A

Describes the actions practitioners take when providing services that are client centered and focused on engagement in occupations

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9
Q

Overarching Statement

A

Achieving health, well-being, and participation in life through engagement in occupation

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10
Q

Health

A

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absense of disease or infirmity

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11
Q

Well-Being

A

A general term encompassing the total universe of human life domains, including physical, mental, and social aspects

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12
Q

Participation

A

Engagement in desired occupations in ways that are personally satisfying and congruent with expectations within the culture

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13
Q

Engagement in Occupation

A

Performance of occupations as a result of choice, motivation, and meaning within a supportive context

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14
Q

Cornerstone

A

Something of great importance on which everything else depends

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15
Q

Occupations

A

The everyday activities that people do as individuals, in families, and with communitites to occupy time and bring meaning and purpose to life.

Personalized and meaningful engagement in daily life events by a specific client

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16
Q

Activity

A

A form of action that is objective and not related to a specific client’s engagement or context and, therefore, can be selected and designed to enhance occupational engagement by supporting the development of performance skills and performance patterns

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17
Q

Occupational Performance

A

The accomplishment of the selected occupation resulting from the dynamic transaction among the client, their contexts, and the occupation

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18
Q

Co-Occupations

A

Two or more individuals sharing a high level of physicality, emotionality, and intentionality

Can be parallel or shared

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19
Q

Interdependence

A

Reliance that people have on one another as a natural consequence of group living

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20
Q

Context

A

The environment and personal factors specific to each client that influences engagement and participation in occupations

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21
Q

Environmental Factors

A

Aspects of the physical, social, and attitudinal surroundings in which people live and conduct their lives

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22
Q

Natural Environment and Human-Made Changes to the Environment

A

Animate and inanimate elements of the natural or physical environment and components of that environment that have been modified by people, as well as characteristics of human populations within that environment. Engagement in human occupation influences the sustainability of the natural environment, and changes to human behavior can have a positive impact on the environment.

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23
Q

Products and Technology

A

Natural or human-made products or systems of products, equipment, and tehcnology that are gathered, created, produced, or manufactured

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24
Q

Support and Relationships

A

People or animals that provide practical physical or emotional support, nurturing, protection, assistance, and connections to other persons in the home, workplace, or school or at play or in other aspects of daily occuptions

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25
Q

Attitudes

A

Observable evidence of customs, practices, ideologies, values, norms, factual beliefs, and religious beliefs held by people other than that client

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26
Q

Services, Systems, and Policies

A

Beliefs, structured programs, and regulations for operations provided by institutions in various sectors of society designed to meet the needs of persons, groups, and populations

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27
Q

Personal Factors

A

Unique features of a person that are not part of a health condition or health state and that constitute a particular background of the person’s life and living

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28
Q

Personal Factor Components

A

Chronological age
Sexual orientation (sexual preference, sexual identity)
Gender identity
Race and ethnicity
Cultural identification and attitudes
Social background, social status, and socioeconomic status
Upbringing and life experiences
Habits and past and current behavioral patterns
Psychological assests, temperment, unique character traits, and coping styles
Education
Profession and professional identity
Lifestyle
Health condititions and fitness status

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29
Q

Occupational Justice

A

A justice that recognizes occupational rights to inclusive participation in everyday occupations for all persons in society, regardless of age, ability, gender, social class, or other differences

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30
Q

Performance Patterns

A

The aquired habits, routines, roles, and rituals used in the process of engaging consistently in occupations and can support or hinder occupational performance

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31
Q

Time Management

A

The manner in which a person, group, or population organizes, schedules, and prioritizes certain activities

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32
Q

Time Use

A

The manner in which a person manages their activity level, adapts to changes in routines, and organizes their days, weeks, and years

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33
Q

Habits

A

Specific, automatic adaptive or maladaptive behaviors

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34
Q

Routines

A

Established sequences of occupations or activities that provide a structure for daily life. These can also promote or damage health

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35
Q

Roles

A

Sets of behaviors expected by society and shaped by culture and context

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36
Q

Rituals

A

Symbolic actions with spiritual, cultural, or social meaning

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37
Q

Performance Skills

A

Observable, goal-directed actions and consist of motor skills, process skills, and social interaction skills

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38
Q

Motor Skills

A

How effectively a person moves self or interacts with objects, which includes positioning the body, obtaining and holding objects, moving self and objects, and sustaining performance

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39
Q

Process Skills

A

How effectively a person organizes objects, time and space, which includes sustaining performance, applying knowledge, organizing time, organizing space and objects, and adapting performance

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40
Q

Social Interaction Skills

A

How effectively a person uses both verbal and nonverbal skills to communicate, which includes initiating and terminating, producing, physically supporting, shaping content of, maintaining flow of, verbally supporting, and adapting social interaction

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41
Q

Client Factors

A

Specific capacities, characteristics, or beliefs that reside within the person, group, or population and influence performance in occupation.

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42
Q

Values

A

Principles, standards, or qualities considered worthwhile by the client who holds them

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43
Q

Belief

A

Something that is accepted, considered to be true, or held as an opinion

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44
Q

Spirituality

A

A deep experience of meaning brought about by engaging in occupations that involve the enacting of personal values and beliefs, reflection, and intention within a supportive contexutal environment

Dynamic and often evolving

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45
Q

Body Functions

A

Physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions)

Examples: the sensory, musculoskeletal, mental ( affective, cognitive, perceptual) cardiovascular, respiratory, and endocrine functions

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46
Q

Body Structures

A

Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components

Example: the heart and blood vessels tha support cardiovascular function

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47
Q

Occupational Therapy Process

A

The client-centered delivery of occupational therapy services. The three-part process includes 1) evaluation and 2) intervention to achieve 3) targeted outcomes and occus within the purview of the occupational therapy domain

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48
Q

Service Delivery Approaches

A

Used when providing skilled occupational therapy services, of which intra- and interprofessional collaborations are a key component

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49
Q

Direct Services

A

Provided directly to clients using a collaborative approach in settins such as hospitals, clinics, industry, schools, homes, and communities

Include interventions completed when in direct contact with the client through various mechanisms such as meeting in person with a client, leading a group session, and interacting with clients and families through telehealth systems

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50
Q

Indirect Services

A

Practitioners providing consultation to entities such as teachers, multidisciplinary teams, and community planning agencies

Occupational therapy practititioners can advocated indirectly on behalf of their clients at the person, group, and population levels to ensure their occupational needs are met.

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51
Q

Additional Approaches

A

Also direct or indirect

Examples: case management, telehealth, episodic care, and family-centered care approaches

52
Q

Occupational Analysis

A

Performed with the understanding of the specific situation of the client and therefore the specific occupations the client wants or needs to do is in the actual context in which these occupations are performed

53
Q

Activity Analysis

A

Generic and decontextualized in its purpose and serves to develop an understanding of typical activity demands within a given culture.

54
Q

Therapeutic Use of Self

A

Allows occupational therapy practitioners to develop and manage their therapeutic relationship with cliens by using professional reasoning, empathy, and a client-centered, collaborative approach to service delivery

55
Q

Empathy

A

The emotional exchange between occupational therapy practitioners and clients that allow more open communication, ensuring that practitioners connect with clients at an emotional level to assist them with their current life situation

56
Q

Professional Reasoning

A

Reasoning that occus in all settings

57
Q

Evaluation

A

Focused on finding out what the client wants and needs to do, determining what the client can do and has done, and identifying supports and bbarriers to health, well-being, and participation

58
Q

Occupational Profile

A

A summary of a client’s occupational history and experiances, patterns of daily living, interests, values, needs and relevant contexts

59
Q

Occupational Performance

A

The accomplishment of the selected occupation resulting from the dynamic transaction among the clients, their contexts, and the occupation

60
Q

Analysis of Occupational Performance

A

The client’s ability to effectively complete desired occupation is identified

61
Q

Health Promotion

A

The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health

62
Q

Intervention Plan

A

Directs the actions of occupational therapy practitioners, describes the occupational therapy approaches and types of interventions selected for use in reaching clients’ targeted outcomes

63
Q

Intervention Implementation

A

The process of putting the intervention plan into action and occurs after the initial evaluation process and development of the intervention plan

64
Q

Intervention Review

A

The continuous process of reevaluating and reviewing the intervention plan, the effectiveness of its delivery, and progress toward outcomes

65
Q

Outcomes

A

Emerge from the occupational therapy process and describe the results clients can achieve through occupational therapy intervention

66
Q

Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs)

A

Any report of the status of a patient’s health condition that comes directly from the paitent, without interpretation of the patient’s response by a clinician or anyone else

Can be used as a subjective measures of improved outlook, confidence, hope, playfullness, self-efficacy, sustainability of valued occupations, pain reduction, resilience, and perceived well-being

67
Q

Transition

A

Movement from one life role or experience to another

68
Q

Discontinuation

A

Occurs when the client has met short- and long-term goals or chooses to discontinue receiving services

69
Q

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

A

Activities oriented toward taking care of one’s own body

70
Q

ADL Occupations

A 
Bathing, showering
Toileting and toilet hygiene
Dressing
Eating and Swallowing
Feeding
Functional Mobility
Personal hygiene and grooming
Sexual Activity
71
Q

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)

A

Activies that support daily life within the home and community

72
Q

IADL Occupations

A 
Care of others ( including selection and supervision of caregivers)
Care of pets and animals
Child rearing
Communication management
Driving and community mobility
Financial management
Home establishment and management
Meal preparation and cleanup
Religious and spiritual expression
Safety and emergency maintenance
Shopping
73
Q

Health Management

A

Activities related to developing, managing, and maintaining health and wellness routines, including self-management, with the goal of improving or maintainig health to support participation in other occupations

74
Q

Health Management Occupations

A

Social and emotional health promotion and maintenance
Symptom and condition management
Communication with the health care system
Medication management
Physical activity
Nutrition management
Personal care device management

75
Q

Rest and Sleep

A

Activities related to obtaining restorative rest and sleep to support healthy, active engagement in other occupations

76
Q

Rest and Sleep Occupations

A

Rest
Sleep preparation
Sleep participation

77
Q

Education

A

Activities needed for learning and participation in the educational environment

78
Q

Education Occupations

A

Formal educational participation
Informal personal educational needs or interst exploration (beyond formal education)
Informal educational participation

79
Q

Work

A

Labor or exertion related to the development, production, delivery, or management of objects or services; benefits may be financial or nonfinancial

80
Q

Work Occupations

A 
Employment interests and pursuits
Employment seeking and acquisition
Job performance and maintenance
Retirement preparation and adjustment
Volunteer exploration
Volunteer participation
81
Q

Play

A

Activities that are intrisically motivated, internally controlled, and freely chosen and that may include suspension of reality, exploration, humor, risk taking, contests, and celebrations. Play is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that is shaped by sociocultural factors

82
Q

Play Occupations

A

Play exploration

Play participation

83
Q

Leisure

A

Nonobligatory activity that is intrisically motivated and engaged in during discretionary time, that is, time not commited to obligatory occupations such as work

84
Q

Leisure Occupations

A

Leisure exploration

Leisure participation

85
Q

Social Participation

A

Activities that involve social interaction with others, including family, friends, peers, and community members, and that support social interdependence

86
Q

Social Participation Occupations

A 
Community participation
Family participation
Friendships
Peer group participation
Intimate partner relationships
87
Q

Natural Environment and Human-Made Changes to the Environment Components

A 
Physical geography
Population
Flora and fauna
Climate
Natural events
Human-caused events
Light
Time-related changes
Sound and vibration
Air quality
88
Q

Products and Technology Components

A

Food, drugs, and other products or substances for personal consumption
General products and technology for use in daily living
Personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation equipment used by people in activities requiring movement inside and outside of buildings
Communication
Education
Employment
Cultural, recreational, and sporting activities
Practice of religion and spirituality
Indoor and outdoor human-made environments that are planned, designed, and constructed for public and private use
Assets for economic exchanges, such as money, goods, property, and other valuables that an individual owns or has rights to use
Virtual environments occuring in simulated, real-time, and near-time situations, absent of physical contact

89
Q

Support and Relationships Components

A

Immediate and extended family
Friends, acquaintances, peers, colleagues, neighbors, and community members
People in positions of authority and those in subordinate positions
Personal care providers and personal assistants providing support to individuals
Domesticated animals

90
Q

Attitudes Components

A

Individual attitutes of immediate and extended family, friends and acquaintances, peers and colleagues, etc.
Societal attituted, including discriminatory practices
Social norms, practices, and ideologies that marginalize specific populations

91
Q

Services, Systems, and Policies Components

A

Services designed to meet the needs of person,s groups, and populations
Systems established by government at local, regional, national, and international levels or by other recognized authorities
Policies constituted by rules, regulations, conventions, and standards established by governments at all levels

92
Q

Specific Mental Functions

A 
Higher-level cognition
Attention
Memory
Perception
Thought
Mental functions of sequencing complex movements
Emotional
Experience of self and time
93
Q

Global Mental Functions

A 
Consciousness
Orientation
Psychosocial
Temperment and personality
Energy
Sleep
94
Q

Sensory Functions

A 
Visual functions
Hearing functions
Vestibular functions
Taste functions
Smell functions
Proprioceptive functions
Touch functions
Interoception
Pain
Sensitivity to temperature and pressure
95
Q

Functions of Joints and Bones

A

Joint mobility

Joint stability

96
Q

Muscle Functions

A

Muscle power
Muscle tone
Muscle endurance

97
Q

Movement Functions

A

Motor reflexes
Involuntary movement reactions
Control of voluntary movement
Gait patterns

98
Q

Cardiovascular, Hematological, Immunological, and Respiratory System Functions

A

Cardiovascular system functions
Hematological and immuniological system functions
Respiratory system functions
Additional functions and sensations of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems

99
Q

Voice and Speech Functions; Digestive, Metabolic, and Endocrine System Functions; Genitourinary and Reproductive Functions

A

Voice and speech functions
Digestive, metabolic, and endocrine system functions
Genitourinary and reproductive functions

100
Q

Skin and Related Structure Functions

A

Skin functions

Hair and nail functions

101
Q

Occupation and Activity Demands

A

The components of occupations and activities that occupational therapy practitioners consider during the professional and clinical reasoning process

102
Q

Relavance and Importance

A

Activity: General meaning of the activity within the culture
Occupation: Meaning the client derives from the occupation

103
Q

Objects Used and Their Properties

A

Tools, supplies, equipment, and resources required in the process of carrying out the activity or occupation and their inherent properties

104
Q

Space Demands

A

Physical environmental requirements of the activity or occupation

105
Q

Social Demands

A

Elelments of the social or attitudinal environments that may be required by the activity or occupation

106
Q

Sequencing and Timing Demands

A

Process required to carry out the activity or occupation

107
Q

Required Actions and Performance Skills

A

Actions (performance skills- motor, process, and social interaction) required that are inherent part of the activity or occupation

108
Q

Required Body Functions

A

Physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions) required to support the actions used to perform the activity or occupation

109
Q

Required Body Structures

A

Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components that support body functions and are required to perform the activity or occupation

110
Q

Occupations and Activities

A

Selected as interventions for specific clients are designed to meet therapeutic goals and address the underlying needs of the client’s mind, body, and spirit

Occupations
Activities

111
Q

Interventions to Support Occupations

A

Methods and tasks that prepare the client for occupational performance are used as a part of a treatment session in preparation for or concurrently with occupations and activities or provided to a client as a home-based engagement to support daily occupational performance

PAMs and mechanical modalities
Orthodics and prosthetics
Assistive technology and environmental modifications
Wheeled mobility
Self-regulation
112
Q

Education and Training Occupations

A

Education

Training

113
Q

Advocacy

A

Efforts directed toward promoting occupational justice and empowering clients to seek and obtain resources to support health, well-being, and occupational participation

Advocacy
Self-advocacy

114
Q

Group Intervention

A

Use of disticnt knowledge of the dynamics of group and social interaction and leadership techniques to facilitate learning and skill acquisition across the life span. Groups are used as a method of service delivery

Functional groups, activity groups, task groups, social groups, and other groups

115
Q

Virtual Intervention

A

Use of simulated, real-time, and near-time technologies for service delievery absent of physical contact, such as telehealth or mobile health

Telehealth
mHealth

116
Q

Approaches to Interventions

A

Specific strategies selected to direct the evaluation and intervention processes on the basis of the client’s desired outomes, evaluation data, and research evidence

117
Q

Create, promote (Health Promotion)

A

An intervention approach that does not assume a disability is present or that any aspect would interfere with performance

118
Q

Establish, Restore (Remediation, Restoration)

A

Approach designed to change client variables to establish a skill or ability that has not yet developed or to restore a skill or ability that has been impaired

119
Q

Maintain

A

Approach designed to provide supports that will allow clients to preserve the performance capabilities that they have regained and that continue to meet their occupational needs

120
Q

Modify (Compensation, Adaptation)

A

Approach directed at “finding ways to revise the current context or activity demands to support performance in the natural setting, including compensatory techniques such as enhancing some features to provide cues or reducing other features to reduce distractibility

121
Q

Prevent (Disability Prevention)

A

Approach designed to address the needs of clients with or without a disability who are at risk for occupational performance problems

122
Q

Improvement

A

Increased occupational performance through adaptation when a performance limitation is present

123
Q

Enhancement

A

Development of performance skills and performance patterns that augment existing performance in life occupations when a performance limitation is not present

124
Q

Prevention

A

Education or health promotion efforts designed to identify, reduce, or stop the onset and reduce the incidence of unhealthy conditions, risk factors, diseases, or injuries

125
Q

Wellness

A

Active process through which individuals become aware of and make choices toward a more successful existence

126
Q

Quality of Life

A

Dynamic appraisal of the client’s life satisfaction, hope, self-concept, health and functioning, and socioeconomic factors

127
Q

Role Competence

A

Ability to effectively meet the demands of the roles in which one engages

MOT Fall 2020 (1 decks)

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