Other Systems Flashcards
Integumentary System Functions
-Protection against pathogens and other harmful substances.
-Thermoregulation
-Excretion of sweat
-Vitamin D synthesis
-Sensation of touch, temperature, and pain
What is Epidermis
The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin that acts as a protective barrier to the environment. The epidermis is divided into five distinct layers:
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
Dermis
The dermis is the middle layer of skin and is the thickest of the three layers. It provides strength and elasticity to the skin through its matrix of collagen and elastin fibers. The dermis is subdivided into two separate layers: the papillary and reticular layers. The function of the dermis is to regulate temperature and supply blood to the epidermis.
What is Hypodermis
The Hypodermis is the innermost layer of skin that consists of adipose tissue and collagen. The Hypodermis functions both as an insulator and as a shock absorber for the internal organs and connects the skin to the deep fascia that overlies the muscles. The blood vessels, nerve endings, and hair follicles cross over into this layer.
What is Arrector Pili Muscle?
The Arrector Pili Muscle is a small muscle that is connected to the base of each hair follicle. When it contracts, the muscle causes the hair to stand erect on the skin.
Ex: Goose bumps
What is the Dermal Papillae
Are portions of the dermal layer that extend up into the epidermis to provide blood flow and sensation more superficially. These extensions create ridges in the epidermal layer, forming out fingerprints and footprints and giving the hands and feet improved gripping abilities.
What are Hair follicles?
The hair follicle is a sheath that surrounds the portion of hair that is contained within the ski. The development of a hair begins in the base of the hair follicle, which extends into the hypodermic layer in some areas of the body.
What are Langerhans cells?
Langerhans cells are located in the epidermal layer and function as a part of the immune system of the skin. They attach to antigens within the skin and alert the immune system to the presence of the antigens.
What are Melanocytes?
Melanocytes are cells located in the epidermal layer that produce melanin, the pigment which gives the skin its color and helps to protect deeper layers of skin from sun damage.
What are Melanocytes?
Melanocytes are cells located in the epidermal layer that produce melanin, the pigment which gives the skin its color and helps to protect deeper layers of skin from sun damage.
What are Merker Cells?
Merker cells are located in the epidermal layer and function in the sensation of light touch.
What are Pacinian Corpuscles?
Pacinian Corpuscles are nerve receptors located in the dermal layer that respond to deep pressure and vibration.
What are Sebaceous Glands?
Sebaceous glands are glands located in dermal layer that release an oily substance (sebum) onto the hair follicle, which helps to coat and protect the hair shaft and prevent the skin from drying out.
What are Sweat Glands?
Sweat Glands are Glands located in the dermal layer that produce moisture and secrete it onto the surface of the skin via sweat ducts to help cool the skin. Sweat glands are categorized as either apocrine glands or eccrine glands
Is the epidermis layer of the skin Vascularized?
Vascularized means to develop or extend blood vessels or other fluid-bearing vessels or ducts
False
It is Avascular
