Other Systems

Question 1

Non-replicating bacteria on a wound surface that causes no additional injury and does not stimulate an inflammatory immune response

Answer 1

Contamination

Question 2

Replicating bacteria on a wound surface that does not invade or further injure tissues and does no stimulate an inflammatory immune response.
Can delay wound healing, however, colonized bacteria occasionally benefit wound healing by preventing more virulent organisms from proliferating in the wound bed.

Answer 2

Colonization

Question 3

Replicating bacteria that invades viable tissue beyond the wound surface causing a visible inflammatory immune response.
Infection will significatly delay wound healing and if untreated, can progress to sepsis, osteomyelitis, and gangrene

Answer 3

Infection

Question 4

General pt interventions and education for arterial insufficiency ulcers

Answer 4

Rest, limb protection, risk reduction education, inspect legs and feet daily, avoid unnecessary leg elevation, avoid using heat pads or soaking feet in hot water, wear appropriately sized shoes with clean, seamless socks

Question 5

When assessing a wound from a week old laceration, you notice the wound drainage is red, thin, watery consistency. This description closely represent which exudate classification?

Answer 5

Sanguineous

Question 6

What is the description and goals of “Yellow” in the Red-Yellow-Black System?

Answer 6

Moist, yellow slough
Remove exudate and debris; absorb drainage

Question 7

List the different types of urinary incontinences

Answer 7

1. Urinary Incontinence
2. Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI)
3. Urge Urinary Incontinence (UUI)
4. Overflow Urinary Incontinence (OUI)
5. Functional Urinary Incontinence (FUI)
6. Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)

Question 8

What are some lifestyle modifications to address bladder symptoms?

Answer 8

1. Daily fluid intake should be 2,500mL, or 10 cups, to regulate excessively high or low fluid intake
2. Regulate bowel function to prevent constipation and straining during bowel movements by monitoring dietary fiber, fluid intake, and exercise.
3. Avoid fluid intake 2-3 house prior to bedtime to reduce nocturia
4. Reduce bladder irritant including carbonated, caffeinated, and alcoholic beverages, spicy foods, citrus, and artificial sweeteners.

Question 9

General Signs and Symptoms of Cancer
C-
A-
U-
T-
I-
O-
N-

Answer 9

Change in bowel/bladder routine
A sore that will not heal
Unusual bleeding/discharge
Thickening/lump develops
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart/mole
Nagging cough/hoarseness

Question 10

What are age-related changes that impact the neuromuscular and nervous systems?

Answer 10

-Decreased brain volume with an increased ventricular size
-Decreased peripheral nerve conduction velocity
-Decreased reaction speed

Question 11

What are age-related changes impacting cardiovascular and pulmonary systems?

Answer 11

-Increased cardiac afterload
-Increased calcification and fibrosis of heart valves
-Increased vascular tone leading to increased systolic blood pressure
-Decreased arterial elasticity and compliance
-Increased physiological “dead space”
-Decreased inspiratory muscle strength
-Decreased FEV1
-Increase residual volume following maximal expiration

Question 12

What are the 4 different ways ulcers have primary classification?

Answer 12

-Arterial
-Venous
-Neuropathic
-Pressure

Question 13

When does metabolic acidosis occur?

Answer 13

Body’s pH drops below 7.35 as a result of an acid and bicarbonate imbalance which allows acid to accumulate

Question 14

When does metabolic alkalosis occur?

Answer 14

Body’s pH rises above 7.45 as a result of a bicarbonate and acid imbalances which allows bicarbonate to accumulate