Other Non-Science Flashcards
What fraction of US children and adolescents (2-19 y) have overweight or obesity?
1/3
What is the “543210” approach to pediatric weight intervention?
- 5 servings of fruits/vegetables per day
- 4+ cups of water per day
- 3 servings of low-fat dairy per day
- 2 hours or less of screen time
- 1 hours of physical activity
- 0 sugar-sweetened beverages
List 3 strategies for using supportive communication and language when caring for patients who are overweight or obese:
- Emphasize lifesyle change, health improvement (vs weight)
- Emphasize achievable behavior goals (vs weight goals)
- Avoid language that places blame
What are the important components of a weight history?
(Important questions to ask)
OPQRST
- Onset
- Precipitating factors/life events
- Quality of life - when did you feel your best? What is difficult now?
- Remedy - what has worked well for you in the past?
- Temporal pattern - Rapid vs. gradual?
Genetic predisposition contributes to ____% of weight status
Genetic predisposition contributes to 40-50% of weight status
Define conflict of interest in medicine
A set of conditions in which…
A physician’s professional judegment concerning a primary interest tends to be undully influenced by a secondary interest
Primary interest example: physician’s interest in a pts wellfare
Secondary interest example: financial gain
A 32-year-old woman makes an appointment as a new patient. She is concerned about gaining 15 lbs. over the past 10 years. On history you learn that major life events over this time have included marriage, 2 pregnancies and moving to the suburbs. She also started an anti-depressant medication. She also states that her mother and sister are overweight.
What is the next best step?
- Reassure her that the weight gain can be reversed by lifestyle modification.
- Recommend stopping the anti-depressant medication since it can cause weight gain.
- Inquire about the weight of her 2 children since her obesity has a genetic contribution.
- Ask her what she thinks may have contributed to the weight gain.
- Ask her what she thinks may have contributed to the weight gain.
What is weight bias (definition)?
Making (negative) assumptions or judgements about a person based on the appearance of excess weight
Includes conscious and unconscious bias
What percentage of a person’s health is determined by social factors?
60%
What percentage of a population’s health is attributed to clinical care?
10%
What are the percentile cutoffs for each category in pediatric patients?
- Obesity:
- Overweight:
- Healthy weight:
- Underweight:
- Obesity: ≥ 95th percentile
- Overweight: 85-94th percentile
- Healthy weight: 5-84th percentile
- Underweight: <5th percentile
What are the 4 possible outcomes from a conflict of interest?
- Detrimental patient outcomes
- Compromise of physician judgement of decision making
- Potential for 1 or 2 to occur
- Perception of 1 or 2 (by a patient, outsider, collegue, etc)
What kind of insurance covers non-emergency medical transport?
MEDICAID (required to cover unless obtain a waiver)
Medicare and private insurance generally do not
What are the two main programs for food assistance?
SNAP: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
WIC: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
includes money and other supports. much more restrictive rules about food
What is the difference between public housing and Section 8?
Public housing is owned by the local government (Ex- Chicago Housing Authority)
Section 8 are vouchers given to tenants, to be used with private landlords. (if you can find a landlord that will accept it)
For all these programs, supply> demand
What are the 5 different layers of the Socioecologcial Model?
- Public Policy
- Community
- Organizational
- Intrapersonal
- Individual
