Other images to know

Question 1

Describe the ventilator defect below:

Answer 1

Variable intrathoracic obstruction.

Flattening of expiratory loop

Example is: Tracheomalacia

Question 2

Describe the ventilatory defect below:

Answer 2

Restrictive abnormalities

• Defined by reduced TLC
• May have normal or increased FEV1/FVC
• Restrictive lung disease cannot be diagnosed by spirometry alone as FVC and TLC may be poorly correlated
• Lung volume measurement is required for confirmation with plethysmography or other such method

Question 3

Describe the ventilatory defect below:

Answer 3

Obstructive abnormalities

Reduced FEV1 /FVC

May also see a reduction in mean expiratory flow between 25% and 75% (FEF 25-75)

• Although this is considered a less specific indication of obstruction

Question 4

Describe the ventilatory defect below:

Answer 4

Fixed upper airway obstruction

Flattening of both inspiratory and expiratory loop

Examples include:

1. Tracheal stenosis
2. Goiters

Question 5

Describe the ventilatory defect below:

Answer 5

Normal expiratory flow volume loop

Question 6

Describe the ventilatory defect below:

Answer 6

Vocal cord dysfunction

A variable extrathoracic obstruction with truncation of inspiratory loop seen when patient is symptomatic

Question 7

How is a methacholine bronchoprovocation test interpretated (i.e., what do the different levels indicate)?

Hint: There are 5 categories

Answer 7