Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology Exam 3 > Other Gram ( - ) Bacteria Part I > Flashcards

Other Gram ( - ) Bacteria Part I Flashcards

Distinguishing features of: Haemophilus influenza Bordetella pertussis Brucellosis Fancisella tularensis Yersenia pestis Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Describe the Gram ( - ) cell wall

A 
LPS = O antigen
endotoxin
core polysaccharide
solid peptidoglycan membrane
Capsule = K antigen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q 
Severe pediatric disease:
meningitis
fever
headache, stiff neck  
permanent hearing loss 
sepsis & gangrene 
arthritis and cellulitis
A

Haemophilus influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ENCAPSULATED virulent strain of Haemophilus causing upper respiratory tract infections

  • Meningitis
  • Otitis Media
  • Sinusitis
A

HiB (Type B Strain of Haemophilus influenza)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

polyribosyl phosphate capsule (PRP)

A

antiphagocytic property of HiB and important virulence factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative coccobacillus that requires special growth factors, hemin (factor X) and NAD (factor V) to grow on chocolate agar

A

H. influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is vaccine against H.influenza important?

A

Provides IgA for defense against the bacteria in the lining of the lung epithelium. The bacteria has a IgA protease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complicated COPD in adults by causing pneumonia

A

H. influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
Gram negative
 Coccobacilli (*with intermediate morphology)
grows in upper respiratory tract
Encapsulated
*No bacteremia
*toxins cause local tissue damage
A

Bordetella pertussis

ciliated cells poisoned with Nitrous Oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Paroxysmal Cough + Vomiting

A

Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vaccination at 1yr, 5yr, 18yrs

A

B. pertussis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

kills ciliated epithelial cells of respiratory tract via

  1. Filamentous hemagglutinin
  2. Pertussin toxin
A

B. pertussis

Filamentous hemagglutinin attaches to and stops normal ciliary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the Incubation Stage of B. pertussis infection

A

Fever and cough after 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the Catarrhal Stage of B. pertussis infection

A

Fever, sneezing, anorexia after 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the Paroxysmal Stage of B. pertussis infection

A

Paroxysmal cough lasts 2-4 weeks
coughing+vomiting
toxemia
eye hemorrhage (from coughing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the Convalescent Stage of B. pertussis infection

A

Lasts 3-4 weeks
pneumonia
seizures
convulsions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What culture media would you use to diagnose B. pertussis?

A

Bordet-Gengou-blood agar charcoal and starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
Fastidious
Aerobic
Gram Neg Rods
*No capsule
*Non-motile
3 Zoonotic reservoirs (cattle,swine,goats)
A

Brucellosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cell wall has high concentrations of A antigens

A

B. abortus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cell wall has high concentrations of M antigens

A

B. melintensis

20
Q

Most virulent species causing Brucellosis

A

B. melintensis (goats)

21
Q

Pathogen affecting RES cells
(liver,spleen,lymph nodes)
AND all phagocytes EXCEPT monocytes

A

Brucella

22
Q

Undulating (spiking) fever

A

Answer: Brucellosis

anorexia, CNS symptoms, bacteria form granulomatous nodules 3days-3mos

23
Q 
Gram Neg Rod
Non-spore forming
antiphagocytic capsule
aerobic and facultatively anaerobic
non-motile
biochemically inactive
*Class A bioterrorism agent
A

Francisella tularensis

24
Q 
(non urban) wild animal reservoir;
infection upon skin contact via minor abrasions or ingestion of undercooked wild animals;
deer flies, tick bites;
lab infection;
symptoms similar to plague
A

Francisella tularensis

25
Q 
Gram Neg
short, pleomorphic
encapsulated (antiphagocytic)
non-motile
grows on simple media
Induces apoptosis in host cells
septic shock
*FDA approved Biosafety level 3 facilities only
A

Yersenia pestis

26
Q

Safety pins on gram stain

A

Yersenia pestis

27
Q

What are the 2 phases of plague? Which is more deadly?

A

Bubonic (lymph nodes) and Pneumonic (lungs) - more deadly

28
Q

Describe Endemic plague

A

pneumonic transmission-person to person via respiratory droplets

cyanosis=black death

29
Q

Describe Sylvanic plague

A

passed via rodent vector (+fleas)

swollen lymph nodes= bubos

30
Q

Describe the role of LPS with Yersenia pestis virulence

A

coagulation disturbances

31
Q

Describe the antiphagocytic properties of the Y. pestis cell wall

A

VW antigen system
V=protein
W=lipoprotein
prevents intracellular destruction and produced at body temperature

32
Q

3 Extracellular Factors that cause clotting disturbances from Y. pestis

A
  1. Pesticin I = a bacteriocin
  2. Coagulase = activates the thrombin system
  3. Fibrinolysis = a protein causing clot breakdown
33
Q

Type III secretion system allows Y. pestis to inject these proteins into cytoplasm of macrophages and other immune cells causing apoptosis

A

YOP= yersenia outer protein

34
Q

Diagnostic methods for Y.pestis

A

Bipolar staining with Wayson’s stain (methylene blue with carbol fuchion

*Safety pins

35
Q 
Gram Neg bacillus
Aerobic
opportunistic
flagella
problem in hospitals with 
ventillators, IV's, Catheters
Omnipresent (including gut)
A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

36
Q

Infection smells like grapes

A

P. aeruginosa

37
Q 
Has alginate (mucoid slime layer)
Pili for adherence

LPS = causes septic shock/antibiotic resistance/suppresses neutrophils and lymphocytes
Produces pyocyanin = impairs ciliary function/ tissue damage via oxygen radicals

A

P. aeruginosa

38
Q

Name 5 Toxins/Enzymes associated with virulence of P.aeruginosa

A 
Exotoxin A
Exoenzyme S&T
Endotoxins
Phospholipase C
Elastase and Alkaline Protease
39
Q

P. aeruginosa: Exotoxin A

A

Similar in structure to Diptheria toxin

Inhibits protein synthesis by ADP-ribosylating EF-2 (G-protein)

Causes Dermatonecrosis in burn wounds, corneal damage in ocular infections, and tissue damage in chronic pulmonary infections.

Also this toxin is immunosuppressive

40
Q

P. aeruginosa: Exoenzyme S & T

A

ADP-ribosylates G-proteins including p21 RAS interfering with host cell growth

41
Q

P.aeruginosa: Phospholipase C

A

Heat labile hemolysin

Breaks down lipids and lecithin causing tissue destruction

Stimulates inflammatory response

42
Q

P. aeruginosa: Elastase and Alkaline Protease

A

Destruction of elastin-containing tissues (blood vessels, lung tissue, skin), collagen, immunoglobulins, and complement factors

Can produce hemorrhagic lesions (ecthyma gangrenosum) associated with disseminated infection

Inactivation of interferon and TNF-Alpha

43
Q

Can transiently colonize the respiratory and GI tract of hospitalized patients

Inherently resistant to many abx

Can mutate to more resistant strains during therapy

Penetration of abx highly dependent on outer membrane pores which can be altered

Production of B-lactamases

Combination of active abx generally required for successful therapy

A

P. aeruginosa

44
Q

Pulmonary Infections

Burn Wound Infections and other skin and soft tissue infections (life threatening)

UTI’s (especially catheterized)

External Otitis (malignant OE, swimmer’s ear)

Eye Infections and corneal ulceration via contaminated contact lens cleaning fluids

Pseudomonal Endocarditis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

45
Q

cutaneous manifestation of severe, invasive infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is usually seen in immunocompromised(no neutrophils) BURN PATIENTS

A

Ecthyma Gangrenosum

Microbiology Exam 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions