Other Eye Stuff

Question 1

Cyclopentolate

Answer 1

IND: Mydriasis, cyclopegia, eye exams, ocular Sx, anterior Uveitis
MOA: Muscarinic antagonist. Produces mydriasis and cyclopegia. Recovery in 3-5 hours/1 day
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: NONE
ADRs: Elevation of IOP, may precipitate NAG. Blurred vision/photophobia, Constipation, dry mouth, tachycardia.
M/E:

Question 2

Phenlephrine

Answer 2

IND: Mydriasis
MOA: Potent alpha adrenergic agonist. Produces local vasoconstriction, stimulating the dilator muscle of the iris resulting in mydriasis
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: 10% soln only for HTN, Thyrotoxicosis, and infants under 1 year
ADRs: Increased IOP. Local pain and clouding of vision. RARELY HTN, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest
M/E:

Question 3

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Answer 3

Inflammation of the conjunctiva in response to an allergen.
Results in red/itchy conjunctiva and burning watery discharge. Congestion.
S/s results of inflammatory mediators from Mast cells

Question 4

Olopatadine

Answer 4

IND: Allergic conjunctivits
MOA: H1 antagonist to inhibit histamine release
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: NONE
ADRs: NONE
M/E: 
Ketotifen Fumarate = Zaditor, Alaway

Question 5

Ketorolac

Answer 5

IND: Allergic conjunctivitis and post op pain/inflammation
MOA: NSAID. COX1/2 inhibition
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: NONE
ADRs: Local irritation and stinging
M/E:

Question 6

Prednisolone

Answer 6

IND: Opthalmic inflammatory conditions, corneal injury
MOA: Reduces inflammation, edema, pain
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: Untreated ocular infection
ADRs: 
M/E: 
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate has various names
Don't use long term

Question 7

Tetrahydrozoline

Answer 7

IND: Ocular decongestant. Relieves redness, burning, and discomfort of eye. Symptomatic relief only
MOA: Stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva: vasoconstriction
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: NONE
ADRs: NONE
M/E:
Eye drop

Question 8

Fluorescein Strip

Answer 8

Diagnostic dye, water soluble. Use on eye to detect lesions/abrasions
Also an IV for detection in retinal blood vessels: Diabetic retinopathy Dx
Can also be used to assess the flow of AH

Question 9

Proparacaine

Answer 9

IND: Ocular anesthesia used for FB removal or other conds requiring short term anesthetics
MOA: Numbs eye by turning off nerves
BOX: NONE
CONTRA: NONE
ADRs: Localized burning
M/E:

Question 10

Ocular Infection Drugs

Answer 10

Used for various bacterial infections of eye that don't resolve on their own.
FIRST LINE THERAPIES:
Erythromycin Ointment
Polymyxin B/Trimethoprim (Polytrim)
2nd LINE
Gentamycin/Tobramycin
Ofloxacin/Monifloxacin
Sulfacetamide