Other eye conditions

Question 1

What is blepharitis?

Answer 1

Inflammation of the eyelid margin

Question 2

How can blepharitis be categorised? What are the causes?

Answer 2

ACUTE: Pre-septal cellulitis, HSV/HZV infection
CHRONIC:

Question 3

What are the Sx of blepharitis?

Answer 3

Bilateral
Sore/gritty
Itchy/burning
Worse in the morning

Question 4

What are the causes of anterior blepharitis?

Answer 4

Staph

Sebhorreic

Question 5

What are the causes of posterior blepharitis?

Answer 5

Dysfunction of meibomian gland

Question 6

How is blepharitis treated?

Answer 6

Warm compress: 5-10mins, avoid excess heat
AVOID: Contact lenses during inflammation
Lid massage
Lid cleansing: Cotton wool buds dipped in cleaning solution

Question 7

What are the Sx of acute anterior uveitis?

Answer 7

Onset: Hours to days
Pain
Red eye
Burred vision
Photophobia
Pupils appear small (iris spasm) then become irregular & dilate (due to adhesions) = 
PAINFUL CONSENSUAL REACTION

Question 8

How is acute anterior uveitis investigated?

Answer 8

Slit lamp- DIAGNOSTIC

Leukocytes-visible in anterior chamber

Question 9

How is acute anterior uveitis managed?

Answer 9

URGENT referral
Cycloplegics: (Dilate pupils & relieve pain) TOP Atropine
Cyclopenolate
Steroid: Prednisolone 1% eye drops

Question 10

What are the risk factors for acute anterior uveitis?

Answer 10

HLA- B27
Ankylosing spondylitis
Reactive arthritis
UC/CD
Behcet's disease

Question 11

What is the medical term for a squint?

Answer 11

Stabismus

Question 12

How is a squint investigated?

Answer 12

3 screening methods:
Gross inspection
Light reflex tests & Brückner test look for a red reflex)
Cover test

Question 13

How is a squint managed?

Answer 13

<8yo: Eye patching ± cycloplegic drops
Adaption can take up to 18weeks
Failure = surgery

Question 14

What are the complications of a squint?

Answer 14

Amblyopia = lazy eye