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MDL 216 OTHER BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS > OTHER BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS > Flashcards

OTHER BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Name the phenotypes and frequencies of the MN blood group
A

Genotype pheonotype frequency
MM M 28%
MN MN 50%
N N 22%
Phenotype Caucasian African Am
M 78% 74%
N 72% 75%
S 57% 30%
s 88% 93%
U High 99.7%

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2
Q

Ig class on MN

A

most cold reactive IgM, few IgG

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3
Q

Best reaction Temp and medium on MN

A

RT and lower

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4
Q

does MN fixe Complement

A

NO

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5
Q

Implicated in HDFN and HTR? MN

A

rare

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6
Q

pH of MN

A

anti-M- 6.5

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7
Q

Dosage effect of MN

A

yes

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8
Q

Is MN destroyed by Enzymes

A

yes

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9
Q

Where is anti-M usually observed (phase- temp)?

and 4. Where is anti-N usually observed (phase- temp)?

A

RT-IS and colder

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10
Q
  1. Describe the following about the S antibodies:

Ig class

A

IgG

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11
Q

Best reaction Temp and medium for S antibodies

A

AHG(some can be at 37C)

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12
Q

does S antibodies fix compliments

A

yes

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13
Q

does S antibodies have dosage effect

A

yes

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14
Q

Is S antibodies destroyed by enzymes

A

S yes (ficin & papain), s maybe

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15
Q

Describe the formation of anti-U:

A

S-s-U- individuals

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16
Q

Is anti-U implicated in HDFN and HTR?

A

yes

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17
Q

Three main P system antigens

A

P1, P, and Pk (P and Pk are on right P1 on left)

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18
Q

Name the 2 Blood group systems related to the P system:

A

ABH and I

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19
Q

Describe Ig of P antibodies

A

IgM

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20
Q

Best reaction Temp and medium of P antibodies

A

RT and below, Saline

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21
Q

Does P antibodies fix compliments

A

Yes

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22
Q

Is P antibodies implicated in HDFN and HTR

A

yes

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23
Q

Name the disease/ condition associated with Anti P

A

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (Donath Landsteiner test); also spontaneous abortions

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24
Q

Name the disease/ condition associated with Anti P1

A

parasitic infection

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25
Name the disease/ condition associated with Anti-PP1Pk
Spontaneous Abortion in early pregnancy
26
Individuals lacking P system Ag’s appear to be 1naturally resistant to infection from
uropathogenic E. coli, parvo-B19 virus
27
Describe the effect of storage on the P antigen
rapid deterioration
28
Name the 2 main antigens in the Lutheran system
Lu^a | Lu^b
29
Name the 2 main antigens in the Lutheran system and their frequency:
Lu^a + = 8% | Lu^b + = 99.8%
30
What is the difference between anti- Lu^a and anti- Lu^b?
Anti-Lua is seen occasionally, but anti-Lub is very rare as most people are positive (high frequency Ag). Anti-Lua mixed field reaction.
31
Ig Class of Lutheran
IgM or IgG Lua, IgG Lub
32
Best reaction Temp and medium of Lutheran
RT and below, or 37 and AHG
33
Does Lutheran fix compliments
yes some
34
is Lutheran implicated in HDFN and HTR
Mild since Ag’s poorly developed at birth; mild HTR
35
Name and symbol K
K Kell 9% +
36
Name and Symbol of small k
k Cellano 99.8% +
37
Name and Symbol of Kp^a
Kpa Penney 2% Caucasians
38
Name and Symbol of Kp^b
Kp^b Rautenberg >99.9% +
39
Name and Symbol of Js^a
Js^a Sutter 20% African Americans
40
Name and Symbol of Js^b
Jsb Matthews >99% +
41
What is the high frequency in Kell system
Cellano, Rautenberg, Matthews
42
what are the low frequncy in Kell system
Penney, Sutter
43
Kell antibodies Ig
IgG (some are IgM in early detection)
44
Best reaction Temp and medium in Kell antibodies
AHG (some K at 37C)
45
does Kell fix compliments
20% bind compliments
46
is kell implicated in HDFN and HTR
yes severe
47
Describe how anti-Kell ranks in immunogenicity
most commonly seen in Blood Bank after ABO and Rh antibodies
48
Describe the McLeod phenotype
Males, decreased expression of k, Jsb, and Kpb; X-linked chronic granulomatous disease; Syndrome shows abnormal RBC morphology (Acanthocytosis, Anisocytosis, increased osmotic fragility, Reticulocytosis), reduced serum Haptoglobin, and spleenomegaly. Some muscular abnormalities, cardiomyopathy and increased CK-MM bands.
49
Describe the unique feature of the Lewis system
System of genetically determined water-soluble antigens manufactured by tissue cells and secreted into body fluids. Antigens are adsorbed from the plasma onto the RBCs
50
Name the 3 common phenotypes of the Lewis System and their %.
Phenotypes: Caucasians African Americans Le(a-b+) 72% 55% Le(a+b-) 22% 23% Le(a-b-) 6% 22%
51
what is the phenotype found in newborn for lewis
Le(a-b-)
52
what phenotype of Lewis is found in Newborns saliva
Le^a and Le^b
53
what is found in newborns plasma (lewis)
none | No detectable Le antigen, therefore no Le antigens on newborn RBCs
54
What are the 3 genes the Lewis phenotypes are dependent upon
Le ABO secretor
55
Describe the inheritance of the Lewis System of Le^a:
ABO and Lewis gene; gene codes for L-fucosyltransferase that adds L-fucose to basic precursor substance on tissue cells = Lea soluble substance
56
Describe the inheritance of the Lewis System of Le^b
ABO, Lewis gene and Secretor gene; ABH, Lea and Leb substances in secretions
57
Describe the inheritance of the Lewis System of Le(a-b-)
lele; lack of Le antigens on RBC but still present in tissues and secretions of secretors; also newborn’s phenotype
58
Ig class for Lewis antibodies
IgM
59
Best reaction temp/ medium: for lewis antibodies
RT and Saline
60
Does Lewis fixes Complement
Anti-Lea = YES; anti-Leb = NO
61
Is Lewis implicated in HDFN or HTR:
NO
62
Why is lewis not implicated in HDFN
Newborn phenotype :Le(a-b-) and Le antibodies do not cross placenta
63
Name the condition where Lewis antibodies are frequently encountered and then disappear when the condition clears up
pregnancy
64
What substance neutralizes Lewis antibodies and where is it found
Lewis Blood Group Substance- found in saliva or plasma
65
Name the four phenotypes of the Duffy system
Fy(a+b-) Fy(a+b+) Fy(a-b+) Fy(a-b-)
66
Name the four phenotypes of the Duffy system and their frequency
``` PHENOTYPE Caucasian% African Am % Fy(a+b-) 18% 0.9% Fy(a+b+) 49% 1.3% Fy(a-b+) 34% 22% Fy(a-b-) 0.01% 68% ```
67
Describe how the Duffy antigens rank in immunogenicity as compared to other blood group systems
Modestly immunogenic
68
Ig class of Duffy antibodies:
IgG
69
Best reaction Temp and medium for Duffy antibodies
AHG
70
does Duffy fix compliment
yes
71
Is Duffy Implicated in HDFN and HTR
Yes HDFN, sometimes delayed Hemolytic transfusion
72
does Duffy have dosage effect
yes
73
is Duffy destroyed by Enzymes
Yes
74
Describe the relationship of the Duffy antigens and Plasmodium vivax (malaria).
Fy(a-b-) phenotype shows resistance to malaria infection. Merozoites can only invade Fy(a+) or Fy(b+) cells with normal antigens present/ Survival of the fittest example.
75
Describe the four phenotypes in the Kidd system
Jk(a+b-) Jk(a+b+) Jk(a-b+) Jk(a-b-)
76
Describe the four phenotypes in the Kidd system and their frequency
``` PHENOTYPE Caucasian% African Am % Asian % Jk(a+b-) 26.3 51.1 23.22 Jk(a+b+) 50.3 40.8 49.94 Jk(a-b+) 23.4 8.1 26.84 Jk(a-b-) <.1 ```
77
Describe the following about the Kidd antibodies: | Ig class:
IgG
78
Best reaction Temp and medium of Kidd system
AHG
79
Does Kidd system fix compliments
Yes- best to use polyspecific AHG to detect weak examples!!! Clears from liver quickly
80
is Kidd Implicated in HDFN and HTR
mild in HDFN delayed in HTR
81
does Kidd have a dosage effect
yes
82
Name three reasons the Kidd system is hard to work with in the Blood Bank
slow dosage weak reaction found with combination with other anibodies
83
Diego antibodies Ig class
IgG
84
Best reaction Temp and medium for Diego
AHG
85
Is Diego implicated in HDFN and HTR
Yes
86
Name the two main antigens in Diego
Dia and Dib and Wra and Wrb
87
Name the 2 main antigens in the Cartwright system
Yt^a Yt^b
88
Ig class for Cartwright
IgG
89
does Cartwright bind compliment
yes
90
Is Cartwright implicated in HDFN and HTR
Subclinical HDFN
91
Name the 2 main antigens in the Xg system
Xg^a and CD99
92
Ig class for Xg
IgG
93
Best reaction Temp and medium for Xg
AHG
94
is Xg implicated in HDFN and HTR
not documented

MDL 216 OTHER BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS (1 decks)

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