Other Anatomy

Question 1

Which two periscapular muscles contribute to overhead reach?

Answer 1

The serratus anterior and upper trapezius, which work as a force couple to upwardly rotate the scapula in a smooth manner.

Question 2

What structures make up the borders of Guyon’s Canal?

Answer 2

The hook of the hamate and the pisiform

Question 3

What three structures form the ulnar border of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 3

The hook of the hamate, triquetrum, and pisiform.

Question 4

What three structures form the radial border of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 4

The trapezium, scaphoid, and fascia of the FCR

Question 5

Which is the strongest component of the SL ligament

Answer 5

Dorsal component. There is also a volar portion and a central membranous portion.

Question 6

What 3 dorsal compartments contain only one structure and what are the structures.

Answer 6

3rd: EPL 5: EDM 6: ECU

Question 7

Which muscle is the most efficient wrist extensor with the longest extension moment arm and most cross-sectional area>

Answer 7

ECRB. ECRL in contrast, has the longest muscle fibers and the most mass and is better suited for sustained wor.

Question 8

Describe the anomalous Martin-Gruber anastomosis

Answer 8

A branch in the forarm typically involves motor fibers of the median nerve or anterior interosseous nerve communicating with the ulnar nerve and innervating all muscles ol intrinsic hand muscles.

Question 9

Describe the anomalous Riche-Cannieu anastomosis

Answer 9

A communication between the the deep ulnar branch to to the recurrent median thenar branch resulting in ulnar innervation of the thenar muscles.

Question 10

Describe the anomalous Marinacci anastomosis

Answer 10

A communication between the ulnar and median nerve in the forearm, forming a sort of reverse Martin-Gruber.

Question 11

Describe the anomalous Berretini anastomosis

Answer 11

A communication between the ulnar 4th common digital nerve and the median 3rd common digital nerve.

Question 12

The anterior and postior bundles of the medial collateral ligament function equally against valgus strain at 120 degrees. Which is the main valgus stabilizer at 30-120 and which is the main valgus stabilizer past 120?

Answer 12

The anterior bundle is the main stabilizer at elbow degrees 30-120. The posterior bundle is the main stabilizer at extension past 120.

Question 13

Match the annular ligaments with palmar joint locations

Answer 13

MP: A1 PIP: A3 DIP: A5

Question 14

What is the major arterial supply to the forearm and hand?

Answer 14

Brachial artery.

Question 15

Which ligament contributes to PIP joint contracture?

Answer 15

Grayson’s ligament.

Question 16

Describe Cleland’s and Grayson’s ligaments’ relationship to neurovascular bundle.

Answer 16

Cleland’s ligament is dorsal to the bundle. Grayson’s is palmar to the bundle.

Question 17

What two strucures contribute to the Deep Palmar Arch? What structures does it give rise to?

Answer 17

The radial artery combines with the deep branch of the ulnar artery to form the deep palmar arch. It gives off the princeps pollicis artery, the radial indicis artery, and a variable amount of metacarpal arteries that combine with the common digital branches of the superficial arch.

Question 18

Describe the contribution to GH stabiity of the superior glenohumeral ligament

Answer 18

The SGHL resists inferior translation of the humeral head and stabilizes the GH joint in adduction and ER.

Question 19

Describe the contribution to GH stability of the middle glenohumeral ligament

Answer 19

The MGHL stabilizes the GH in ER and from 0-45 degrees of abduction.

Question 20

The inferior glenohumeral ligament is divided into anterior and posterior bands. Describe their contributions to GH stability.

Answer 20

The anterior band resists anterior and inferior translation at 90 degrees of abduction with end range ER. The posterior band resists posterior subluzation at 90 degrees of flexion and IR.