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Psychiatry > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

Features of anorexia

A
  • skipping meals/reducing calories
  • Obsessed with meals and food (cook and prepare alot of food for other people but won’t eat)
  • Over exercise
  • Medications: thyroid meds, laxatives, GLP1
  • Vomiting
  • Amenorrhoea
  • Lanugo - fine hear
  • Acne: poor skin
  • BMI <17.5
  • teeth if vomiting
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2
Q

Features of bulemia

A
  • Binging and purging
  • Normal BMI/overweight
  • Laxatives
  • Exercise
  • Loss of control over weight
  • teeth if vomiting
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3
Q

What is post concussion syndrome

A

Seen after even minor head trauma, typical features include:

  • headache
  • fatigue
  • anxiety/depression
  • dizziness
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4
Q

DSM 5 ky features of anorexia

A
  1. Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements leading to a significantly low body weight
  2. Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight.
  3. Disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight.
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5
Q

What is the management of adults with anorexia

A

one of:

  • individual eating-disorder-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT-ED)
  • Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA)
  • specialist supportive clinical management (SSCM).
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6
Q

what is the management of children and young adults with anorexia

A

‘anorexia focused family therapy

CBT second line

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7
Q

What is somatisation disorder

A
  • multiple physical SYMPTOMS present for at least 2 years

- patient refuses to accept reassurance or negative test results

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8
Q

What is hypochondrial disorder

A
  • persistent belief in the presence of an underlying serious DISEASE, e.g. cancer
  • patient again refuses to accept reassurance or negative test results
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9
Q

What is malingering

A

fraudulent simulation or exaggeration of symptoms with the intention of financial or other gain

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10
Q

What is Munchausen’s syndrome

A

the intentional production of physical or psychological symptoms

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11
Q

What are the features of post traumatic stress disorder

A
  • re-experiencing: flashbacks, nightmares, repetitive and distressing intrusive images
  • avoidance: avoiding people, situations or circumstances resembling or associated with the event
  • hyperarousal: hypervigilance for threat, exaggerated startle response, sleep problems, irritability and difficulty concentrating
  • emotional numbing - lack of ability to experience feelings, feeling detached
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12
Q

How long must symptoms be present before diagnosing PTSD

A

1 month

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13
Q

What is the management of PTSD

A
  • debrief NOT recommended following single traumatic event
  • Watchful waiting for mild sx lasting <4w
  • military personnel have access to treatment provided by the armed forces
  • trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)
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14
Q

What is the main talking therapy for PTSD

A

eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing

trauma focused CBT

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15
Q

Which drugs should be prescribed in PTSD

A
  • Drug treatment NOT first line

- Venlafaxine or SSRI sertraline

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16
Q

What are pseudohallucinations

A

false sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli when the affected is aware that they are hallucinating.

17
Q

What is general anxiety disorder

A

‘excessive worry about a number of different events associated with heightened tension.’

18
Q

What is the management of general anxiety disorder

A

step 1: education about GAD + active monitoring
step 2: low intensity psychological interventions
step 3: high intensity psychological interventions or drug treatment
step 4: highly specialist input e.g. Multi agency teams

19
Q

What are considered low intensity psychological interventions

A
  • individual non-facilitated self-help
  • individual guided self-help
  • psychoeducational groups
20
Q

What are considered high intensity psychological interventions

A

cognitive behavioural therapy or applied relaxation

21
Q

What drug treatment can be considered in generalised anxiety disorder

A
  • First line SSRI sertraline
  • In patients <30 warn patients of the increased risk of suicidal thinking and self-harm
  • weekly follow up first month
22
Q

What is the management of panic disorder

A

step 1: recognition and diagnosis
step 2: treatment in primary care
step 3: review and consideration of alternative treatments
step 4: review and referral to specialist mental health services
step 5: care in specialist mental health services

23
Q

How do you treat panic disorder in primary care

A
  • Cognitive behavioural therapy or drug treatment

- SSRIs are first-line

24
Q

Physiological features associated with anorexia nervosa

A
  • hypokalaemia
  • low FSH, LH, oestrogens and testosterone
  • raised cortisol and growth hormone
  • impaired glucose tolerance
  • hypercholesterolaemia
  • hypercarotinaemia
  • low T3
25
Q

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

A
  • tremor
  • sweating
  • tachycardia
  • anxiety
26
Q

At what time to seizures following alcohol withdrawal peak

A

36 hours

27
Q

Symptoms and peak of delirium tremens following alcohol withdrawal

A
  • 48-72 hours
  • coarse tremor
  • confusion
  • delusions
  • auditory and visual hallucinations
  • fever
  • tachycardia
28
Q

What is first line management of alcohol withdrawal (seizures, delerium tremens, blackouts)

A

benzodiazepines e.g. chlordiazepoxide

Psychiatry (6 decks)

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