other Flashcards
what is the defenition of water potential?
describe the tendency of water molecules to move from a high to low concentration
osmosis defenition
passage of water from a region of high water potential to a region of lower water potential through partially permeable membrane
difference between osmosis and diffusion (2)
osmosis is water molecules only through a permeable membrane
what is just the trident symbol
water potential
trident with p meaning
pressure potential
trident with s meaning
solute potential
water potential of pure water
zero
at high conc of water mols water has what type of energy
greater potential enegry
what lowers water potential of a solution
adding solutes
how does solutes reduce water potential
when dissolved in water tjere are proportionally fewer water mols to move about
are all water potentials negative or positibe
negative
what is a concentrated solution
more solutes dissolved in it
what does it mean the more negative the water potential is
fewer free water molecules there are
defenition of water potential
tendency of water to move into a system
in a diagram of circles where of 0 and -10 kPa where would the arrow go
from 0 to -10
what lowers plant cells water potential
presene of solute molecules in the vacuole
what type of number is pressure potential
usually positive
connection between ฮจp and ฮจs
ฮจp decreases, ฮจs increases
what does it mean when ฮจs increases
becomes less negative
what does it mean when ฮจs becomes less negative
water not drawn in
what is the water potential equal to
solute potential and pressure potential
ฮจcell meaning
water potential
which way does water move in a hypertonic solution?
out of the cell
what happens in a hypertonic solution
plamolysis in plant cells
what is incipient plasmolysis
only half cells have plasmolysisied
movement in a isotionic medium
non net movement
ฮจp inn plant cells in a isotonic medium
0
how do plant cells in isotonic medium look like
flaccid
how do plant cells in hypertonic medium look like
flaccid
water movement in hypotonic medium
move into the cell
how will plant cells look like in hypotonic external medium
turgid
defenition of hypotonic
low conc of solute
higher water potential
defenition of hypertonic
high conc of solute
lower water potential
isotonic defenition
same solute concentration as inside cell
same water potential as inside the cell
what is the defenition of a turgid cell
firm cell as a result of cell content pushing against cell wall
how can you make a cell turgid
putting it in water which is hypotonic
defenition of turgid
fully turgid plant cells hold as much water as possible
no more water can enter as cell wall cant expand further
defenition of plasmolysis
when water leave a plant cell by osmosis the cytoplasm and vacuole shrink and cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall
osmosis with surcose in 0.2M
water enters potato cells down a water potential gradient
osmosis with surcose in 0.5M ( where the line crosses 0 mass change)
no change
water potential either side is equal
non net moevment
incipient plasmolysis
osmosis with sucrose concentration of 1.0 mol
decrease in mass is caused by water leaving potato cells down conc gradient
4 types of bulk transport
endocytosis
exocytosis
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
pinocytosis defenition
uptake of large molecules from solution by endocytosis
