Other Flashcards
Which of these diseases are related to exposure of cotton, jute, hemp, and flax fibres?
A) Silicosis
B) Bagassosis
C) Berylliosis
D) Byssinosis
E) Flock workers lung
Byssinosis
Greek býssin ( os ) fine flax, linen
Classically, exposure to cotton dust during the spinning and manufacturing process causes byssinosis. However, exposure to jute, flax, and hemp fibers has also been implicated in its development
What is Bagassosis?
A) airway disease secondary to plastic bag making
B) pneumoconiosis secondary to industrial plastic making
C) HP secondary to plastic making industry
D) HP secondary to Thermophilic actinomyces
E) None of the above
HP secondary to Thermophilic actinomyces
Exposure and inhalation of bagasse - the residual fibrous material ollowing sugar extraction from sugar cane.
Which of these antibiotics can lead to tacrolimus toxicity?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Co-amoxiclav
C) Doxycycline
D) Clarithromycin
E) Ciprofloxacin
Clarithromycin
Clarithromycin is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 which metabolises tacrolimus. Therefore, co-administration of these medications can lead to tacrolimus toxicity which commonly manifests as nephrotoxicity or neurotoxicity.
What is the maximum usage of lidocaine that is recommended by BTS for bronchoscopy?
A) 3mg/Kg
B) 5.5mg/Kg
C) 7.6mg/Kg
D) 9.6mg/Kg
E) 12mg/Kg
9.6mg/kg
Subjective symptoms of Lidocaine toxicity are common when ≥ 9.6 mg/kg is used; much lower doses are
usually sufficient.
You give 5 sprays (5 actuations) of 10% lidocaine to a patients throat. What dose of lidocaine have you given?
A) 5mg
B) 50mg
C) 500mg
D) 5micrograms
E) 50micrograms
50mg
1 actuation of 10% lidocaine = 10mg
what dose in mg is 2mls of 2% lidocaine?
A) 2mg
B) 4mg
C) 10mg
D) 20mg
E) 40mg
40mg
What scale can be used to assess conscious level in bronchoscopy?
Ramsay scale or MOASS scale
Ramsay scale:
Level Response
1 Anxious and agitated or restless
2 Cooperative, orientated and tranquil
3 Responds only to commands
4 Brisk response to light glabellar touch or loud noise
5 Sluggish response to light glabellar touch or loud noise
6 No response to light glabellar touch or loud noise
What is the correct dose of adrenaline for initial treatment of anaphylaxis?
A) IV 0.5 mls of 1:1000 adrenaline
B) IV 0.5 mls of 1:10,000 adrenaline
C) IM 0.5 mls of 1:1000 adrenaline
D) IM 0.5 mls of 1:10,000 adrenaline
E) IM 0.5 mls of 1:100 adrenaline
IM 0.5 mls of 1:1000 adrenaline
Which of these BMIs is an absolute contraindication to lung transplant?
A) >30
B) >35
C) >40
D) >45
E) None of the above
> 35 kg/m2 is an absolute contraindication
> 30 kg/m2 is a relative contraindication
How many years does a patient need to be cancer free in order to not have an absolute contraindication to lung transplant?
A) >1 year cancer free
B) >2 year cancer free
C) >3 year cancer free
D) >4 year cancer free
E) >5 year cancer free
> 5 year cancer free
Solid organ and haematological malignancies within 5 years of listing for transplantation with the exception of cutaneous squamous and basal cell tumours and selected paediatric malignancies
You have a patient with GBS and are checkign frequent FVCs on the ward. When should you escalate to ITU for elective intubation?
A) FVC <20ml/kg
B) FVC <25ml/kg
C) FVC <30ml/kg
D) FEV1 <20ml/kg
E) FEV1 <25ml/kg
FVC <20ml/kg
FVC should be checked between three and six times a day, depending on severity, and until significant worsening seems unlikely. While the patient is still declining and there is a reduction in FVC, 4-hourly monitoring is likely appropriate.
Elective ventilation should be considered when FVC ≤ 20 mL/kg, and when the FVC is ≤10 mL/kg ventilation is almost inevitable.
- European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of Guillain–Barré syndrome 2023
a cystic fibrosis patient comes to your routine clinic. He has increased sputum production. Obs a stable except RR of 25. He is too short of breath to do spiromtery
Sputum MSC has grown psuedmonas (first isolate).
What is the next appropriate plan?
A) Do nothing - colinisation
B) Treat with oral ciprofloxacin followed by nebulised colistin
C) Treat with oral ciprofloxacin and nebulised colistin
D) Treat with IV abx followed by nebulised colistin
E) Treat with IV Abx and nebulised colistin
Treat with IV Abx and nebulised colistin
Patient is unwell - dysponeic and high RR. Too short of breath to do spiro.
Treat as clinically unwell new pseudomonas isolate as per NICE
If a person with cystic fibrosis develops a new Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (that is, recent respiratory secretion sample cultures showed no infection):
1) if they are clinically unwell:
a) start eradication therapy with a course of intravenous antibiotics together with an inhaled antibiotic
b) follow this with an extended course of oral and inhaled antibiotics.
What are Curschmann’s spirals and Charcot-Leyden crystals associated with?
A) Aspergilloma
B) COPD
C) Eosinophilic Asthma
D) IPD
E) PCP
C) Eosinophilic Asthma
can also be seen in parasitic infections
What does increasing PEEP do to a alveolar dead space in a ventilated patient?
A) Increase alveolar dead space
B) Decrease alveolar dead space
C) No change to alveolar dead space
A) Increase alveolar dead space
PEEP will increase pressure and close the blood vessels due to increased pressure. Gas will be in the alveoli but no gas exchange = dead space
